B. Vocabulary practice
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 489.
A. Comprehension
Answer the questions:
1) Why does annular space have to be cemented?
2) How can slurry be obtained?
3) How does slurry reach the annular space? Shortly describe this process.
4) How does a top plug work?
5) What is displacement fluid used for?
6) Where is slurry stored before entering a well?
7) At what stage does a pump operator shut down the pump?
8) What is WOC? How long does it last?
9) When are remedial procedures required?
10) What stages do remedial procedures involve?
I. Give English equivalents for:
1) âûïîëíÿòü öåìåíòíûå ðàáîòû; 2) ñìåøèâàòü ñóõîé öåìåíò ñ âîäîé äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ æèäêîãî öåìåíòíîãî ðàñòâîðà; 3) íàïðàâëÿòü öåìåíòíûé ðàñòâîð ïî òðóáàì ê ãîëîâêå äëÿ ñáðàñûâàíèÿ (öåìåíòèðîâî÷íûõ) ïðîáîê; 4) îòäåëÿòü öåìåíòíûé ðàñòâîð îò áóðîâîãî ðàñòâîðà; 5) îïóñêàòü ïðîáêó âíèç ïî îáñàäíîé êîëîííå; 6) ðàçðûâàòü ìåìáðàíó íà ïðîáêå íà çàáîå; 7) äîñòèãàòü íèæíèõ ñâå÷åé îáñàäíîé êîëîííû; 8) èñïîëüçîâàòü ñïåöèàëüíîå îáîðóäîâàíèå; 9) çàêà÷èâàòü öåìåíò; 10) çàïîëíÿòü ìåæòðóáíîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî â áóðîâîé ñêâàæèíå; 11) îòêëþ÷àòü çàáîéíûå íàñîñû; 12) çàïîëíÿòü áóôåðíîé æèäêîñòüþ; 13) âðåìÿ, íåîáõîäèìîå äëÿ çàñòûâàíèÿ öåìåíòà; 14) çàâèñåòü îò ðàçëè÷íûõ ôàêòîðîâ; 15) ïðîâîäèòü ñåðèþ òåñòîâ; 16) èñïîëüçîâàòü ìåòîäèêó óñòðàíåíèÿ íåèñïðàâíîñòåé; 17) èñïðàâèòü îøèáêó, âîçíèêøóþ â ïðîöåññå öåìåíòèðîâàíèÿ.
II. Give Russian equivalents for:
1) to prevent corrosive formation fluids from damaging the casing; 2) to hire an oil well cementing company; 3) to blend the water and cement into a uniform mixture; 4) to mount the cementing head on the topmost joint of casing; 5) to prevent the mud from contaminating the cement; 6) to stop/to seat in the float collar; 7) to release a top plug from the cementing head; 8) to separate the last of the cement to go into the casing from displacement fluid; 9) to displace the cement from the casing; 10) the top plug seats on the bottom plug in the float collar; 11) to vary from a few to several hours; 12) to wait a specified time for the cement to harden; 13) to ensure that the cement job is satisfactory; 14) to alleviate the problem; 15) to place cement at that depth.
III. Fill in the appropriate word(s) from the list below into the extracts and translate them into Russian:
a) to mount, slurry, formation fluids, casing, cement slurry
Well cementing is the process of mixing and displacing … down the casing and up the annular space behind the pipe where it is allowed to set, thus bonding the pipe to the formation. Cement bonds the casing to the hole and prevents fluids in one formation from migrating to another. Cement also prevents corrosive … from damaging the casing. No other operation in the drilling or completion process plays as important role in the producing life of the well as does a successful cementing job.
Special high-pressure pumps move the … through very strong pipes, or lines, to a cementing head, or plug container. No other operation in the drilling or completion process plays as important role in the producing life of the well as does a successful cementing job.
The cementing crew … the cementing head on the topmost joint of … hanging in the mast or derrick. Just before the slurry arrives at the head, a crew member releases a bottom plug from the cementing head.
b) fluids, plugs, to pass, landing, cementing, to provide, pressure, slurry, collar, plug, wellbore, string, mixers, to determine, viscosity, fluids, to seal
Two types of cementing … are typically used on a cementing operation. The bottom plug is launched ahead of the cement … to minimize contamination by … inside the casing prior to cementing. A diaphragm in the plug body ruptures to allow the cement slurry … through after the plug reaches the landing …. The top plug has a solid body that … positive indication of contact with the … collar and bottom plug through an increase in pump … .
Cementing operations may be undertaken … the annulus after a casing … has been run, to seal a lost circulation zone, to set a … in an existing well from which to push off with directional tools or to plug a well so that it may be abandoned. Before … operations commence, engineers … the volume of cement (commonly with the help of a caliper log) to be placed in the … and the physical properties of both the slurry and the set cement needed, including density and … . A cementing crew uses special … and pumps to displace drilling … and place cement in the wellbore.
c) to seal, plug, cementing, wellbore, string, mixers, to determine, viscosity, fluids
Cementing operations may be undertaken … the annulus after a casing … has been run, to seal a lost circulation zone, to set a … in an existing well from which to push off with directional tools or to plug a well so that it may be abandoned. Before … operations commence, engineers … the volume of cement (commonly with the help of a caliper log) to be placed in the … and the physical properties of both the slurry and the set cement needed, including density and … A cementing crew uses special … and pumps to displace drilling … and place cement in the wellbore.
d) production, pumping, wellbore, installation, steel casing, annulus
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