N-Cholinoblocking Drugs
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 1046.
1. The breathing does not restore more than 30 minutes after introduction of dithylinum (suxamethonium) to patient for performing of short operation. What is the aid for this patient?
*A. Blood transfusion.
B. Haemodialysis.
C. Haemosorption.
D. Peritoneal dialysis.
E. Forced diuresis.
2. A patient with fracture of the bottom jaw was delivered to the hospital. The myorelaxant was introduced to him for performing of operation. The short-term twitching of face muscles was observed after drug introduction. What drug was introduced to patient?
*A. Dithylinum (suxamethonium).
B. Tubocurarine chloride.
C. Pipecuronium.
D. Diazepam.
E. Mellictinum.
3. The symptoms of overdose of dithylinum have appeared in a patient during operation. What measure can decrease these symptoms?
*A. Blood transfusion.
B. Introduction of cholinesterase inhibitors.
C. Ganglion blockers.
D. M-cholinoblockers.
E. N-cholinoblockers.
4. The stopping of breathing had developed in a 42-year-old woman after operation on kidney with the use of dithylinum. Choose the drug which can restore the muscles tone.
*A. Blood plasma.
B. Proserinum.
C. Strychnine nitrate.
D. Caffeine.
E. Galantamine.
5. The curare-like drugs (myorelaxants) are used in clinic for decrease or stopping of impulse transmission from motor nerve endings to muscular cells. What is the mechanism of action of these drugs?
*A. Blockade of N-cholinoceptors of postsynaptic membrane.
B. Blockade of Ca2+ moving through channels of postsynaptic membrane.
C. Inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase activity.
D. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
E. Decrease of mediator releasing in synaptic cleft.
6. The breathing of patient is not restored after ending of operation with reposition of fractured bone of hip. What drug should be introduced to patient for elimination of relaxation?
*A. Proserinum.
B. Platyphyllin.
C. Cyclodolum.
D. Atropine.
E. Aceclidine.
7. A patient with dislocation of a humeral joint was delivered to hospital. For relaxation of skeletal muscles the doctor has introduced to him dithylinum. In norm this drug acts during 5–7 minutes. But in this patient the drug action lasted for 8 hours. What is probable cause of this phenomenon?
*A. Hereditary insufficiency of blood cholinesterase.
B. Decrease of microsomal enzymes activity.
C. Decrease of drug excretion.
D. Material cumulation.
E. Potentiation of effect by other drug.
8. It is necessary to prescribe the myorelaxation short-acting drug to patient for reposition of fractured bone of hip. Choose the drug.
*A. Dithylinum (suxamethonium).
B. Arduan.
C. Tubocurarine.
D. Decametonium.
E. Melictinum.
9. The operation with the use of tubocurarine was performed to patient with abdominal wound. In the end of operation after restoration of breathing, the doctor has administered gentamycine to patient. But unexpectedly the breathing stopped and skeletal muscles had relaxed. What effect is the base of this phenomenon?
*A. Potentiation.
B. Cumulation.
C. Tolerance.
D. Antagonism.
E. Sensibilization.
10. The relaxation of skeletal muscles and inhibition of breathing has lasted more than 2 hours in patient in the result of introduction of dithylinum. Indicate the enzyme, insufficiency of which in plasma is the cause of this phenomenon.
*A. Butyrilcholinesterase.
B. Catalase.
C. Acetylcholinesterase.
D. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
E. Glutathione peroxidase.
11. The introduction of dithylinum to patient with dislocation of a humeral joint has caused the apnoea. The doctor introduced proserinum to patient, but breathing is not restored. What substance should be introduced to this patient?
*A. Blood.
B. Galantamine.
C. Dipyroxime.
D. Isonitrosine.
E. Atropine.
12. Myorelaxant was introduced to patient for relaxation of skeletal muscles before reposition of bone fracture. This introduction has caused respiratory arrest. After introduction of fresh blood the breathing has restored. Call the myorelaxant, which was introduced to patient.
*A. Dithylinum.
B. Diplacinum.
C. Tubocurarine chloride.
D. Pipecuronium.
E. Pancuronium.
13. The signs of tubocurarine overdose have arisen in patient after operation. What drug group should be introduced to patient for elimination of overdose?
*A. Cholinesterase inhibitors.
B. Ganglion blockers.
C. Adrenomimetics.
D. M-cholinoblockers.
E. N-cholinoblockers.
14. Dithylinum (lysthenon) was introduced for tracheal intubation. After finish of operation the breathing did not restore. What enzyme insufficiency is the cause of this phenomenon?
*A. Butyrilcholinesterase.
B. Succinate dehydrogenase.
C. Carboangidrase.
D. N-acetyltransferase.
E. K, Na-ANPase.
15. Tubocurarine was introduced to patient for operation of resection of stomach. What drug should be introduced for restoration of breathing?
*A. Proserinum.
B. Dithylinum.
C. Cytitonum.
D. Aethimizolum.
E. Benzohexonium.
16. A patient with fracture of an average part of the femur with displacement was delivered to traumatologic department. For reposition of bone 10 ml of 2% dithylinum solution was introduced intravenously to patient. As a result of this the long apnoea and myorelaxation have developed. What enzyme insufficiency is the cause of this phenomenon?
*A. Butyrilcholinesterase.
B. Transferase.
C. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
D. Methemoglobin reductase.
E. N-acetyltransferase.
17. After a short-term operative intervention with the use of dithyline, for over 30 minutes a patient was noticed to have respiratory depression, previous muscle tone hasn't restored. What assistance is it necessary to render to the patient?
*A. Blood or plasma transfusion.
B. Haemodialysis.
C. Haemosorption.
D. Forced diuresis.
E. Peritoneal dialysis.
18. Before an operative intervention a dithyline solution was injected to a patient and intubation was performed. After the operative intervention self-breathing hasn't restored. What enzyme insufficiency in the organism of the patient predetermines such prolonged effect of the muscle relaxant?
*A. Pseudocholinesterase.
B. Succinate dehydrogenase.
C. Carbonicanhydrase.
D. N-acetyltranspherase.
E. Na+, K+-ATP-ase.
19. Tubocurarine chloride was applied to a patient under combined narcosis as a muscle relaxant while performing the resection of the stomach. What antagonist should be injected to the patient to restore spontaneous breathing?
*A. Proserinum.
B. Dithylinum.
C. Cytitonum.
D. Aethimizolum.
E. Benzohexonium.
20. To a patient with femoral bone fracture with the purpose of reduction of the tone of cross-striated muscles with reposition of bone fragments it is necessary to prescribe muscle relaxant of short-term action. What drug is expedient for prescribing to the patient?
*A. Dithylinum.
B. Arduan.
C. Tubocurarini chloridum.
D. Pirilenum.
E. Mellictinum.
21. During an operative intervention with additional use of hygronium the patient's arterial pressure has sharply decreased. What groups of drugs can normalize arterial pressure in the given situation?
*A. a-adrenomimetics.
B. b-adrenergic blockers.
C. Ganglionic blockers.
D. M-cholinoblockers.
E. N-cholinomimetics.
22. Symptoms of dithyline overdose appeared during an operative intervention. What actions will be expedient to reduce the phenomena of overdose?
*A. Transfusion of blood or plasma.
B. Introduction of anticholinesterase drugs.
C. Introduction of ganglionic blockers.
D. Introduction of M-cholinergic antagonist.
E. Introduction of N-cholinergic antagonist.
23. For the abatement or termination of excitation transmission from the nervous ending to the muscular fiber curare-like substances – muscle relaxants – are clinically used. What is the mechanism of action of this therapeutic agents group?
*A. Blockade of postsynaptic membrane N-cholinergic receptors of the myoneural junction.
B. Blockade of calcium ions passing through the channels of the presynaptic membrane.
C. Inhibition of Na+, K+-pumps activity.
D. Depression of acetylcholinesterase.
E. Reduction of mediator elimination into the synaptic cleft.
24. A 45-year-old female is delivered to urgent unit. It is necessary to perform trachea intubation. What drug should be used in this case?
*A. Dithylinum.
B. Nitroglycerin.
C. Metronidazole.
D. Atropine sulfate.
E. Gentamycin.
25. A patient with a limb fracture must be administered depola-rizing drug from the myorelaxant group for the purpose of a short-time surgery. What drug is it?
*A. Dithylinum.
B. Pentaminum.
C. Tubocurarine chloride.
D. Atropine sulfate.
E. Cytitonum.
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