Cardiotonic Drugs

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 1181.

System

Drugs Affecting Respiratory

OF INTERNAL ORGANS

DRUGS WHICH INFLUENCE FUNCTIONS

1. Spasm of smooth muscle of bronchi developed in the patient. Usage of activators of what membrane cytoreceptors is physiologically valid to decrease attack?

*A. b-Adrenoreceptors

B. a- and b-adrenoreceptors

C. M-Cholinoreceptors

D. H-Cholinorceptors

E. a-Adrenoreceptors

2. A 13-year-old girl with history of asthma complained of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing. Her symptoms became so severe that her parents brought her to the emergency room. Physical examination revealed diaphoresis, dyspnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Her respiratory rate was 42/min, pulse rate was 110 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 130/70 mm Hg. Choose from the following list the most appropriate drug to reverse the bronchoconstriction rapidly:

*A. Salbutamol

B. Ipratropium

C. Methylprednisolone

D. Beclomethasone

E. Cromolin sodium

3. A 45-year-old woman suffers from allergic seasonal coryza caused by the ambrosia blossoming. What drug from the stabilizer of the adipose cells group can be used for prevention of this disease?

*A. Ketotifen

B. Tavegyl

C. Diazoline

D. Phencarol

E. Dimedrol

4. Which one of the following β-adrenoceptor agonists has such a slow onset of action that it is not indicated for the relief of acute asthma symptoms?

*A. Salmeterol

B. Albuterol

(C) Epinephrine

(D) Terbutaline

(E) Isoproterenol

5. The patient with bronchial asthma was treated by euphyllinum, after that the condition of patient was improved. What mechanism of action has this drug?

*A. Blockade of phosphodiesterase

B. Activation of adenylcyclase

C. Activation of Na,K-ATPase

D. Blockade of M-cholinoreceptors

E. Prevention of discharge of histamine from basophiles

6. A 12-year-old girl with a childhood history of asthma complained of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing after visiting a riding stable. Her symptoms became so severe that her parent brought her to the emergency room. Physical examination revealed diaphoresis, dyspnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Her respiratory rate was 42/min, pulse rate was 110 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 132/65 mm Hg. What drug is contraindicated in this patient?

*A. Intravenous propranolol

B. Inhaled beclomethasone

C. Inhaled ipratropium

D. Inhaled albuterol

E. Inhaled cromolin sodium

7. A 12-year-old girl with a childhood history of asthma complained of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing after visiting a riding stable. Her symptoms became so severe that her parent brought her to the emergency room. Physical examination revealed diaphoresis, dyspnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Her respiratory rate was 42/min, pulse rate was 110 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 132/65 mm Hg. The most appropriate drug to rapidly reverse bronchoconstriction is:

*A. Inhaled albuterol

B. Inhaled beclomethasone

C. Inhaled ipratropium

D. Inhaled cromolin sodium

E. Intravenous propranolol

8. A 12-year-old girl with a childhood history of asthma complained of cough, dyspnea, and wheezing after visiting a riding stable. Her symptoms became so severe that her parent brought her to the emergency room. Physical examination revealed diaphoresis, dyspnea, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Her respiratory rate was 42/min, pulse rate was 110 beats per minute, and blood pressure was 132/65 mm Hg. Indicate the drug, which likely to be ineffective in this patient.

*A. Inhaled cromolin sodium

B. Inhaled beclomethasone

C. Inhaled ipratropium

D. Inhaled albuterol

E. Intravenously prednisolone

9. The ethyl alcohol was been introduced to patient with acute pulmonary edema. What action of ethyl alcohol was been used in this case?

*A. Ethyl alcohol decreases the superficial tension of foam and transforms it to the fluid

B. Hypnotic action

C. Analgesic action

D. Ethyl alcohol increase the rate of metabolism into the body

E. Ethyl alcohol decreases the permeability of lung's vessels

10. A patient with bronchial asthma attack has a concomitant disease – angina pectoris. What bronchodilator should be prescribed in this case?

*A. Salbutamolum

B. Adrenaline

C. Isadrinum

D. Atropini sulfas

E. Noradrenalini hydrotartras

11. Chronic bronchitis is diagnosed. The patient is treated with a mucolytic – a drug, which stimulates formation of surfactant, improves rheological properties of sputum, reduces its viscosity. What is this drug?

*A. Ambroxolum

B. Papaverini hydrochloridum

C. Libexinum

D. Codeine

E. Panadolum

12. The bronchospasm has developed in patient using b-adrenoblockers during long time. Choose the most rational drug group for interruption of bronchospasm in this patient.

*A. Miotropic spasmolytics

B. b-adrenomimetics

C. Adrenomimetics with indirect action

D. M-cholinomimetics

E. Cholinesterase inhibitors

13. The patient with asthmatic status is delivered to urgent unit. The patient is suffering from bronchial asthma during 12 years. Earlier attacks were reduced by salbutamol but now this drug is ineffective. What drug should be administered to patient first of all?

*A. Prednisolon

B. Acyclovir

C. Oxytocin

D. Famotidine

E. Bisacodyl

14. The patient with purulent bronchitis is delivered to the pulmonary department. For depression of a sputum and simplification of its release the doctor prescribes to him the drug A. Indicate this drug.

*A. Acetylcysteine

B. Tincture Valerianae

C. Cholosasum

D. Prednisolon

E. Morphine

15. Patient with acute laryngotracheitis suffers from dry cough. Prescribe antitussive drug for this patient.

*A. Glaucine

B. Ambroxol

C. Acetylcysteine

D. Mucaltinum

E. Morphine

16. A patient suffering from chronic bronchitis takes a synthetic mucolytic drug that facilitates the sputum thinning. What drug is it?

*A. Acetylcysteine

B. Enalapril

C. Heparin

D. Diazepam

E. Furosemide

1. A patient with chronic heart failure being treated by digitalis drugs developed the symptoms, which confirmed the beginning of cardiac glycosides toxic activity. What drug should be administered to reduce the negative effect of cardiac glycosides?

*A. Potassium chloride

B. Sodium chloride

C. Sodium caffeine-benzoate

D. Dipiroxim

E. Atropine sulfate

2. Patient complains of weakness, dyspnea, and low extrenities edema. Diagnosis: chronic cardiac insufficiency. What medicine should be prescribed first of all?

*A. Digoxin

B. Raunatin

C. Propranolol

D. Caffeine

E. Papaverine

3. Which of the following most directly describes the mechanism of action of digitalis?

*A. Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase

B. Decreases intracellular sodium concentration

C. Increases the intracellular level of ATP

D. Stimulates production of cAMP

E. Decreases the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

4. All of the following are useful in the treatment of digitalis overdose except:

*A. Quinidine

B. Dietary potassium supplements for patients being treated concomitantly with diuretics

C. Lidocaine

D. Phenytoin (dipheninum)

E. Anti-digoxin FAB fragments

5. Which one of the following aggravates a digitalis-induced arrhythmia?

*A. Decreased serum potassium

B. Decreased serum sodium

C. Decreasing heart rate with propranolol (anaprilinum)

D. Decreased serum calcium

E. Decreased serum angiotensin II

6. A patient with chronic cardio-vascular insufficiency during digitalization demonstrated the following symptoms: headache, fatigue, nausea, color vision impairment (surrounding objects are perceived in green color). On ECG the sinus bradycardia and signs of impairment of atrioventricular conductivity were detected. What drug can be prescribed to relieve the symptoms of intoxication?

*A. Unithiolum

B. Naloxonum

C. Bemegridum

D. Dipiroximum

E. Atropine

7. A patient complains of edemas, rapid pulse, short breath, cyanosis of mucous tunics. The diagnosis is chronic cardiac insufficiency. What drug should be prescribed for this patient?

*A. Digoxinum

B. Papaverine

C. Mesatonum

D. Cordiaminum

E. Nitroglycerinum

8. A patient with signs of acute cardiac insufficiency is delivered to a hospital. What drug should be prescribed for urgent aid to this patient?

*A. Corglyconum

B. Aethimizolum

C. Dithylinum

D. Pyridostigmini bromidum

E. Digitoxinum

9. A patient with cardiac insufficiency took a medicine. Consequently his heartbeats increased, pulse became stronger, edema decreased, diuresis increased. What drug did the patient take?

*A. Digoxinum

B. Propranololum

C. Verapamilum

D. Diltiazemum

E. Reserpinum

10. Acute cardiovascular insufficiency is accompanied by edema of lungs. What cardiac glycoside should be prescribed to the patient?

*A. Corglyconum

B. Spironolactonum

C. Sichlothiazidum

D. Acetazolamidum (Diacarbum)

E. Triamterenum

11. A patient with cardiogenic shock, hypotension, asthma, and edemas was prescribed a nonglycosidic cardiotonic. Which drug was injected to the patient?

*A. Dobutaminum

B. Coffeinum-natrii benzoas

C. Cordiaminum

D. Aethimizolum

E. Bemegridum

12. A 68-year-old patient with cardiac insufficiency, who had been taking Digitalis medicines for a long time, had symptoms of intoxication, which were quickly eliminated by the application of the donator of sulphhydric groups – unithiol. What is the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of this drug?

*A. Reactivation of Na,K-ATPese of cardiac hystiocyte's membranes

B. Reduction of accumulation of ionized calcium

C. Inhibition of potassium release from cardiac hystiocytes

D. Slowing-down of sodium coming into cardiac hystiocytes

E. Increase of energy supply to the myocardium

13. A cardiotonic drug was prescribed to a 50-year-old patient with chronic cardiac insufficiency and tachyarrhythmia. What drug was prescribed to patient?

*A. Digoxinum

B. Dophaminum

C. Dobutaminum

D. Amiodaronum

E. Mildronatum

14. A patient with complains of frequent pulse, dyspnea, cyanosis of mucous tunics was hospitalized to a cardiological department. Examination revealed edemas on the lower extrimites and ascites. Chronic cardiac insufficiency was diagnosed. What drugs should be prescribed to this patient?

*A. Corglyconum

B. Cordiaminum

C. Adrenalini hydrochloridum

D. Digitoxinum

E. Drotaverini hydrochloridum

15. The extrasystoles, vomiting, disturbances of vision and sleep, alarm, decreasing of diuresis have developed in patient with heart insufficiency in result of uncontrolled using of digitoxin. What group of drugs should be administered to this patient?

*A. Donators of SH-group

B. Agonists of b₁-adrenergic receptors

C. Blockers of angiotensin II receptors

D. Blockers of K⁺ channels

E. Donators of NO

16. The 60-year-old female suffering from ischemic heart disease during 20 years is delivered to cardiologic department. What drug should be administered to this female for interruption of attack of ciliary arrhythmia?

*A. Digoxin

B. Adrenaline

C. Bicillin V

D. Laevomycetine

E. Ascorbic acid

17. The acute heart insufficiency has developed in 60-year-old patient. What drug should be administered to patient?

*A. Corglycon

B. Adrenaline hydrochloride

C. Atropine sulfate

D. Noradrenaline hydrotartrate

E. Caffeine-sodium benzoate

18. The patient suffers from left ventricular insufficiency. Indicate the drug which should be prescribed to him.

*A. Digoxin

B. Bemegride

C. Aethimizole

D. Vinpocetine

E. Piracetam