Currency and central bank

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 576.

The United States dollar is the unit of currency of the United States. The U.S. dollar is the currency most used in international transactions. Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto на деле, фактически currency.

The federal government attempts to use both monetary policy (control of the money supply through mechanisms such as changes in interest rates) and fiscal policy (taxes and spending) to maintain low inflation, high economic growth, and low unemployment. A private central bank, known as the Federal Reserve, was formed in 1913 to supposedly provide a stable currency and monetary policy. The U.S. dollar has been regarded as one of the more stable currencies in the world and many nations back their own currency with U.S. dollar reserves.

The U.S. dollar has maintained its position as the world's primary reserve currency, although it is gradually being challenged in that role. Almost two-thirds of currency reserves held around the world are held in US dollars, compared to around 25% for the next most popular currency, the Euro. Rising US national debt and quantitative easing has caused some to predict that the US Dollar will lose its status as the world's reserve currency, however these predictions have not come to fruition.

Topics for discussion:

§ The history of the USA formation

§ Political system

§ American power in the world

§ Large cities

§ The economic system

§ Science

§ Language

§ Education

§ Mass Media, its power

§ American cultural life: music, cinema, theatre, Hollywood etc.

§ Holidays and traditions, American way of life

§ Weddings in the USA

§ Youth: typical teenagers, youth and American values, free time, youth and their families

§ Sports: leisure sports, popular sports and games

§ Literature, American writers