I. Translate the following texts in written form paying attention to passive

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 596.

STEP 3

forms:

1. The simplest particle accelerator consists of a glass vessel containing two electrodes to which a potential difference is applied. The particles which must be charged are intro­duced into the tube and are attracted towards one or other of the electrodes, gaining energy as they approach it.

2. Atoms are so small that all our knowledge of their structure and behaviour must be obtained indirectly. The electrons which are responsible for most of the chemical and physical properties of an element are easily displaced or detached and a good deal of information about the outer parts of the atom can be collected by moderately simple techniques. Study of the nucleus is more difficult, for the particles comprising it are very firmly bound together and only the most vigorous disturbance will separate them. A common and fruitful method of investigation is the exposure of suitable targets to bombardment with high-energy particles or radiations and a variety of particle accelerators have been devised for this purpose during the last twenty-five years.

3. Recently much attention has been given to the study of this phenomenon. In this paper new experimental observations are pre­sented and discussed. The data have been obtained, assuming a new model of the mechanism involved, which was suggested in an earlier study by the author. The measurements have been carried out with a conventional apparatus slightly modified by the author. All possible sources of error are taken into account and considera­tion is given to the advantages and shortcomings of the present approach. The results are analysed and the analysis, is followed by a comparison of the data obtained with those available in literature. It is hoped that the disagreement may be accounted for by an im­proved experimental technique of the present investigation.