GARY BECKER

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 396.

Step 3

Step 2

Step l

UNIT 5

Say not less than 20-25 sentences.

Speaking. My University

1. Be ready to speak about your University according to the plan:

1. Introduction (the right to get education, necessity of higher education in our life, Krasnoyarsk as a large educational centre)

2. The foundation of Siberian Federal University

3 The history of Krasnoyarsk State Technical University.

4 4.SFU at present:

a. institutes, specialities and training courses;

b. main departments;

c. teaching staff

d. academic buildings and halls of residence

f) the Institute of Space and Information Technology and its graduates

5. Conclusion (my attitude to the University and why I entered SFU)

Прочитайте за преподавателям следующие слова и словосочетания. Найдите и подчеркните их в тексте. Прочитайте самостоятельно.

Determine, measure, innovative, pioneering, prejudice, science, research, National Bureau, College education. profitable, decision.

Прочитайте без словаря следующие слова и словосочетания:

Economic theory – Экономическая теория

Discrimination - Дискриминация

Traditional - Традиционный

Physical - Физический

Productivity – Продуктивность, производительность

Situation - Ситуация

Dollar - Доллар

Statistics - Статистика

To culminate - Завершиться

Publication - Публикация

Selection - Выбор

Professor - Профессор

Прочитайте текст, не пользуясь словарем.

Can economic theory be used to determine the impact of discrimination on employment, or to measure the rate of return on a high school or College education? Gary Becker thinks so. This innovative economist has gone beyond the traditional focus on how physical capital contributes to productivity and economic growth and has instead applied microeconomic theory to Investments in people, or human capital.

Born in 1930 in Pottstown, Pensylvania, Becker received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1955 and became an assistant professor there that same year. Before 1957, when Becker published his pioneering work, The Economics of Discrimination, something as irrational as prejudice was thought to be beyond the realm of a rational science like economics. Becker proved the conventional wisdom wrong by presenting a general theory for analyzing the impact of discrimination in the marketplace. He described economic discrimination as a Situation where members of a certain group earn less than their skills are worth because some other market participant is willing to pay to avoid dealing with them. His work laid the foundation for research in the economics of discrimination in the 1960s and 1970s.

In 1957 Becker joined the faculty of Columbia University and the staff of the National Bureau of Economic Research. There he began to measure the dollar rates of return on high school and College educations by studying government Statistics on income and education costs to find out how profitable investment in education was in terms of individual earnings and productivity. This research culminated in the publication of his classic. Human Capital, in 1964. Becker found that the return on education was substantial. In one group of white males, College graduates earned about 60% more than high school graduates by the age of 50, a rate of return close to 14.5% for their investment in education. Most important, the widely acclaimed book developed a theoretical foundation to explain the costs and returns of investing in people through education, on-the-job training, and health measures. In 1967 Becker's work earned him the John Bates Clark Award, granted by the American Economic Association to the "outstanding economist under 40".

Becker has also applied economic analysis to such nontraditional areas as crime prevention, an individual's allocation of time, and even the selection of a marriage partner and the decision to have children. Since returning to the University of Chicago in 1970 as professor of economics, Becker has written a number of books and articles, such as The Economic Approach to Human Behavior (1976) and A Treatise on the Family (1981), which many economists regard as his most significant contribution to the field.