Assignment 6. Match the words with their definitions.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 555.
inventory, property, account receivable, legislation,
profit, damage, expensive, securities, self-insurance
1) The difference between the price received for a product and the amounts paid as rewards to the factors of production.
2) Any thing that has value and can be owned, including things having substance such as land, money, etc.
3) Investments generally, especially stocks, shares and bonds which are bought as investments.
4) The accumulation of a fund of money as a reserve to provide for possible losses in the future that could easily have been insured within insurance company.
5) Stocks held by a business for sale to its customers; a detailed list of things.
6) Dear; costing much money; needing great expense; high priced.
7) Laws, especially statute laws, i.e. Acts of Parliament in Britain, Acts of Congress in USA.
8) A sum of money due to be received from a customer in the ordinary course of trade but not yet paid.
9) Harm; loss of value caused by being broken or spoilt.
Assignment 7. Supply the sentences with the missing words.
risk, damaged, responsibility, debt, liquidity,
protection, set aside, hedging, commodity
1) It was evident that it had created … problems.
2) Labour is bought and sold like any other … .
3) Such a response would be an irrational … .
4) Their failures in this area have … their self-confidence and credibility.
5) This deposit provides a way of … against fluctuating interest rates.
6) You must spend less until your … are paid off.
7) I made a mistake and I will assume … for it.
8) This policy gives you … against loss of earnings due to sickness or unemployment.
9) The government … barely thirteen percent of this money for health and education.
Assignment 8. What are the synonyms from the text of the following words?
| venture kind for example raise function | regularly significance unfavourable qualified | obligation bonds ruin entire |
Assignment 9. What are the antonyms from the text of the following words?
| maximum exclude cheap disadvantage wrong | illegal carelessly bad many rarely | ability favourable decrease failure |
Assignment 10. Complete the following sentences with an appropriate modal verb.
1) Entrance is forbidden. You … not enter.
2) Success is possible. We … be successful.
3) Participation is compulsory. We … to take part.
4) Permission is given. You … take the afternoon off.
5) Success is probable. We … succeed.
6) He has the ability. Hó … win the competition.
7) Participation is voluntary. We … to go to the reception.
8) Failure is impossible. We … fail.
9) Permission is not given. You … leave the building.
Assignment 11. Put the following sentences into the Past.
1) We have cut prices dramatically.
2) They are outselling us in all sectors of the market.
3) We may lose our dominant position.
4) We are bringing forward our monthly meeting.
5) Risk can be defined as the chance of damage, injury or loss.
6) The property of most small firms is represented by its inventory and its building if it is owned by the firm.
7) When the existing risks are known, business owners may turn their attention to the matter of what to do about them.
Assignment 12. Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs in the right form.
1) If the project (fail), we (lose) a lot of money.
2) We (get) a truer picture if we (take) into account present values of money.
3) We (not invest) unless we (foresee) a realistic chance of long-term profits.
4) As long as the project (be financed) from outside sources, we (have to) ensure a much higher rate of return.
5) If we (lose) money in the first two years, we (start) to doubt the viability of the project.
6) Breakeven point (come) a year earlier if we (manage) to reach these sales targets.
DISCUSSION
1. When is self-insurance a practical idea?
2. Can you be protected against all risks by buying insurance?
3. If you were the owner of a business that was subject to all risks listed in the text, which ones would you try to eliminate, which ones would you absorb and which ones would you shift to an insurance company?
4. Express your opinion on the role/significance of good management in coping with the risks.
UNIT 11. MANAGING PEOPLE
Assignment 1. Learn the following terms:
| entrepreneur recruit recruiting maintain work force hire applicant position description job specification perform seek out applicants fee classified sections of newspapers referral application form furnish the personnel manager applicant's aptitudes reference on-the-job training employee manual upgrading go bust upturn in profits decline declining sales collapse avoid bankruptcy late shift | ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëü íàáèðàòü, êîìïëåêòîâàòü íàáîð, êîìïëåêòîâàíèå ïîääåðæèâàòü, ñîõðàíÿòü ðàáî÷àÿ ñèëà; ÷èñëî ðàáîòàþùèõ; ÷èñëåííîñòü ðàáî÷èõ è ñëóæàùèõ íàíèìàòü, áðàòü íà ðàáîòó êàíäèäàò, ïðåòåíäåíò îïèñàíèå äîëæíîñòè êâàëèôèêàöèîííûå òðåáîâàíèÿ âûïîëíÿòü, èñïîëíÿòü èñêàòü êàíäèäàòîâ (ïðåòåíäåíòîâ) ïëàòà êëàññèôèöèðîâàííûå ðàçäåëû ãàçåò óïîìèíàíèå, ññûëêà áëàíê çàÿâëåíèÿ ñíàáæàòü ìåíåäæåðà ïî êàäðàì ñêëîííîñòè ïðåòåíäåíòà ðåêîìåíäàöèÿ, îòçûâ; ïîðó÷èòåëü îáó÷åíèå ïî ìåñòó ðàáîòû ó÷åáíîå ïîñîáèå ñëóæàùåãî ïîâûøåíèå êâàëèôèêàöèè ðàçîðèòüñÿ, îáàíêðîòèòüñÿ ïîäúåì â ïðèáûëè ïàäàòü, ïîíèæàòüñÿ; ïàäåíèå, ñïàä, ñíèæåíèå ñîêðàùàþùèéñÿ ñáûò (ïðîäàæà) êðàõ, êðóøåíèå èçáåæàòü áàíêðîòñòâà íî÷íàÿ ñìåíà |
Assignment 2. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
entrepreneur, personnel, to recruit, efficient, to ensure, opportunity, employee, to hire, qualified, job requirements, experience, personality, candidate, essential, applicant, basis, specification, practice, supplier, private, agency, classified, beneficial, specific, announcement, referral, associate, judgement, qualification, to conduct an interview, interviewer, ease, to encourage, to clarify, to base a decision, aptitude, attitude, suitability, nature, reference, orientation, manual, plus, organized instruction, situation, adult, educational program, trainee, quality, special technical university courses.
Assignment 3. Read and translate the text:
TEXT
If the small business entrepreneur is going to have a growing and successful business, that person must understand how to manage one of the business's most important resources, people.
The main objective of the personnel function is to recruit and maintain an efficient work force. This calls for the effective management of people, ensuring a good relationship between people and fostering opportunities for individual development. The finding and keeping of good employees is not easy.
A small business owner should aim to hire those individuals who are best qualified to fill the job requirements. The education, experience and personality of each candidate must be carefully considered. The selection of effective personnel is essential if a business is to grow and prosper. Before selecting an employee, the following points need to be considered:
- A description of the job to be fulfilled.
- A source of applicants.
- A basis for selecting the best candidate.
- A training program for the individual after hiring.
Position description has two parts. The first is a job description, which includes the main tasks and responsibilities of the position. The second part is called the job specification. This part defines the education, work experience, skills and abilities the individual must have in order to perform the job effectively.
Sources of employees. It is better to seek out applicants for employment rather than wait for them to come to your business. Recruiting is the practice of actively seeking workers rather than waiting for them to come to you. A number of sources of possible workers are:
- Suppliers are good source of possible applicants.
- Private and public employment agencies, usually for a fee, can help to find the right applicant.
- High schools, vocational and technical schools, business schools and colleges offer assistance to employers.
- “Help Wanted” advertisements for applicants in the classified section of newspapers are beneficial, but they must be specific about the job requirements.
- Additional sources of personnel include radio and television announcements and referrals from your employees, your friends, business associates and customers.
The application form. Application forms should fit the needs of the company and conform to the law. Their purpose is to furnish the personnel manager with enough information about applicants so that a judgement as to their qualifications for a job can be made. Only questions referring to a person's ability to perform a job are permissible.
The employment interview. Before conducting an interview, the interviewer should become familiar with the application. Then the applicant should be put at ease and encouraged to discuss items on the application which need to be clarified. The interviewer should take enough time to obtain information on which to base a decision.
Testing the applicant. Many forms of tests are used to determine an applicant's aptitudes, attitudes, skills and suitability for employment. The nature of the work to be performed determines the type of test to be used.
References. Before deciding to hire an individual, the references which have been provided should be checked. References are persons who have known the applicant for some time and their information may be helpful.
Employee training includes any activity that provides information or the development of skills that improves the employee's performance.
Training usually either on-the-job or formal. On-the-job training an employee usually receives after being hired is an orientation to the company and the job. This training may consist of an employee manual plus some information provided by the employee's boss. Formal training refers to organized instruction in a workshop or classroom situation. One of the best sources for the small business employer can be found in adult educational programs. These programs benefit both the employer and trainee as they are of high quality and are usually free. Other forms of education, such as special or technical university courses, are sometimes useful in upgrading specific employees.
Notes to the text:
1. to be going + èíôèíèòèâ – íàìåðåâàòüñÿ, ñîáèðàòüñÿ ÷òî-ë. ñäåëàòü
2. to call for – òðåáîâàòü
3. to foster opportunities – ñîçäàâàòü âîçìîæíîñòè
4. to fill job requirements – ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü òðåáîâàíèÿì ê ðàáîòå
5. need to be considered – íåîáõîäèìî ðàññìîòðåòü
6. in order to – ÷òîáû
7. rather than – à íå; ñêîðåå ÷åì
8. a number of – ðÿä, íåêîòîðîå êîëè÷åñòâî
9. to offer assistance to smb – ïðåäëàãàòü ïîìîùü êîìó-ëèáî
10. to fit the needs – ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü íóæäàì (ïîòðåáíîñòÿì)
11. to conform to the law – ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü çàêîíó
12. so that – ñ òåì ÷òîáû
13. as to – ÷òî êàñàåòñÿ
14. to conduct an interview – âåñòè èíòåðâüþ (ñîáåñåäîâàíèå)
15. to put at ease – ïðèîáîäðèòü, óñïîêîèòü
16. to base a decision – îáîñíîâûâàòü ðåøåíèå
17. either … or – èëè … èëè, ëèáî … ëèáî
18. both … and … - êàê … , òàê è …
19. such as – òàêîé êàê
20. trainee – ïðîõîäÿùèé ïîäãîòîâêó, îáó÷åíèå; ñòàæåð, ïðàêòèêàíò
Assignment 4. Answer the following questions:
1) What is the main objective of the personnel function?
2) What factors about each candidate must be carefully considered?
3) What points should be considered before selecting an employee?
4) Two parts of position description are mentioned in the text. What are they?
5) What are sources of possible workers?
6) The employment interview, testing the applicant and references, which one of these three is more effective? What would you prefer if you were a personnel manager?
7) Is employee training necessary only for an employee or for a firm, or for both of them?
8) What are the forms of employees' upgrading?
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