Read the text about business management, its history and development.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 557.

Read and translate word combinations.

Read the words and their translation, memorize them.

II READ AND TALK

I THINK AND SAY

UNIT 3 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

1 The words “management” and “manager” are spoken and heard so frequently today. Do many people in Ukraine really know what they mean?

2 Is management necessary only for students of economics?

enterprise – підприємство

in accordance with – у відповідності з

available -- наявний, доступний

workforce – робоча сила

trend -- тенденція, тренд

current – поточний, теперішній

personnel -- персонал

to detect – знаходити, виявляти

to evaluate – оцінювати

to originate from, to detect ideas, to face a problem, to exploit and motivate workforce, quality control, to place a theory on a scientific basis, to generate plans for action, to make optimum use of resources, to check progress according to plans, key decision makers, in a timely manner, top-level management, internal(external) resources, to evaluate trends, world economic trends, middle-level management.

Management is defined as the organization and coordination of the activities of an enterprise in accordance with certain policies and in achievement of clearly defined objectives. Managers are responsible for using available resources – people, materials, equipment, land, information, money.

The experts detect early ideas of management back to the builders of the pyramids in ancient Egypt. Slave-owners faced the problems of exploiting and motivating the workforce. Some lessons for managers can be also found in the ancient military texts. The medieval writers wrote the books to advise monarchs how to govern.

Classical economists of the 18-19^th centuries developed such elements of technical production as standardization, quality control, cost-accounting and work-planning. By about 1900 one finds managers trying to place their theories on a scientific basis. The first comprehensive theories of management appeared around 1920. The Harvard Business School offered the first Master of Business Administration (MBA) in 1921. Towards the end of the 20^th century, business management came to consist of six branches, namely: