Conservation

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 506.

Unit 2

Таков закон молитвы

Когда человек слушается – Бог действует.

Когда человек слушает – Бог говорит.

План Бога относительно этого мира идет через жизни обычных людей, заручившихся готовностью быть ведомыми Им.

Джон Е. Баттерсон (друг Др. Боба)

Endangered species (fauna)

animal kingdom (population)

drops in populations

habitat

habitat loss

pushing toward extinction

species

to decline

to head toward extinction

to kill each other for dominance

to preserve genetic dominance

to protect offspring

to remain the wild

to target male pack leaders

top male

Functions of ecosystems

"green" belts

(fresh) water supplies

air-sea exchange

atmospheric winds

biodiversity

biodiversity hotspot

biosphere

carbon cycling

carbon drain

coastal areas

concentration of biodiversity

condensation of vapour

cultivated land

decomposition of living/organic matter

depth of peat

derelict land

desert

ecosystem

fossil fuels

glacier

global sea level

global vegetation

heat trapping gases

indigenous people

land/desert vegetation

marine life

mineral resources

nutrients from fallen leaves and debris

ocean biota

ocean currents

ocean sediments

open land

oxygen

ozone layer

polar ice sheets

precipitation (rainfalls; snowfalls)

precipitation patterns

prolific life

rainforests

recreation areas

recycling of nutrients

release of carbon

solar irradiance

to contain high biodiversity

to drive ocean currents

to feed the watersheds

to fertilize the soil

to fix levels of atmospheric carbon

to harbor species

to hold a plethora of species

to prevent erosion

to regulate of water and atmospheric cycles

to regulate rainfall

to retain underground humidity

to spread sediments and nutrients around the air and water

transpiration

tropical rainforests

ultraviolet emission/radiation

vegetation pattern

volcanic activity: swelling, eruption, lava flows

volcano

voracious consumer of atmospheric carbon dioxide

water and carbon cycles

water cycle

watery vapor

Factors threatening to species

agricultural expansion

animal capture

biomass fuels

cattle ranching

clearance for plantations

clear-cutting for roads and agriculture

collection of firewood

commercial logging

firewood

illegal logging

mining

poaching

provide short term gains

put enormous pressure on habitat

recreational trophy hunting

retaliatory killings

road and urban infrastructure development

subsistence farming

timber imports

to claim the earths finite resources

to fuel human consumerism

to match the consumer lifestyle

unrestricted industrialization and urbanization

unsustainable hunting

Effects of misbalanced ecosystem

adverse (irreversible, tremendous, disastrous, uncontrolled) effect (impact on...)

barren and abandoned land

deforestation

dust bowl

ecological catastrophe (calamity, disaster, collapse)

edge areas

environmental degradation

exposed to the elements

extinction of animals and plants

fishbone pattern

forest degradation

localized flooding

loss of habitat and species

negative anthropogenic influences

over-consumed ecosystem

self-regenerating capacity of the biosphere

silt up rivers

soil depleted of nutrients

the destruction of ecosystems

the scale of devastation

threaten wildlife

to abuse nature

to affect the environment

to be fraught with fatal consequence

to erode the fabric of the planet

to exert influence on...(biosphere, ocean biota)

to face an ecological catastrophe

to outstrip the planet's regenerative rate

to slide into an ecological catastrophe

to undergo mass destruction

to upset the biological balance

wash away the top soil

wind damage and desiccation

Conservation measures

Endangered Species Act (ESA)

pressing necessity to change the character of interaction between man and nature

protected species

to ban on the import of hunting

to diminish harmful influence

to harvest sustainably

to list under the ESA

to raise awareness of plight