Management: definition, levels and areas.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 474.

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources.

Levels of management

Top-level managers

Consists of board of directors, president, vice-president, CEOs, etc. They are responsible for controlling and overseeing the entire organization. They develop goals, strategic plans, company policies, and make decisions on the direction of the business.

Middle-level managers

Consist of general managers, branch managers and department managers. They are accountable to the top management for their department's function. They devote more time to organizational and directional functions. First-level managers

Consist of supervisors, section leads, foremen, etc. They focus on controlling and directing. They usually have the responsibility of assigning employees tasks, guiding and supervising employees on day-to-day activities, ensuring quality and quantity production, making recommendations, suggestions, and up channeling employee problems, etc. As a rule, in each of the major organization there are the following areas of management:

- project management, production management, personnel management, quality management, etc. Feature of the given management is the existence of a plan.

- marketing. From the point of management, it is regarded as the management of an industrial-marketing activity of the enterprise.

- innovation management, it is connected whith the mechanism of management of innovation processes in the organization.

- financial management. It is essential for commercial structures, as it is aimed at controlling the movement of financial resources of the organization, as well as regulates the financial relations between economic entities.

- strategic management is aimed at the formulation of long-term goals/strategies of the organization.

- investment management can be described as the process related to the management of investment activities of the company.

- risk management/risk-management. This area of management aims at the reduction of probability of an unfavorable outcome of events.

- information management, connected with the information, which is used for making management decisions.

- environmental management. Its purpose is the achievement of the provisions