Differential- diagnostical signs of the primary caries, enamel hypoplasia and fluorosis.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 525.
Study material
Dental caries is a pathological process which develops after dental eruption and it is characterized by demineralization and destruction of the hard dental tissues with formation of a defect (carious cavity).
Classification of dental caries :
1. According to the localization: - fissure, approximal, precervical, joined localization. 2. According to the depth of affection: primary, superficial, medial and deep. 3. According to the clinical development: acute and chronic. 4. According to the sequence of development: primary and secondary. 5.According to the carious process activity degree: compensated caries, subcompensated caries, decompensated caries..
Primary caries is characterized with changes of color on the definite enamel area емалі. Diagnostics of the primary caries. The complaints are absent or there may be complaints about the aesthetical defect. It may be diagnosed on the disclosed dental surfaces: on the vestibular surface of the incisors, canines and in the precervical areas. Objectively: a white stain with a matte shade and absence of a luster, it is light-yellow or dark-brown color, often it is covered with a dental plaque. At probing the enamel surface is smooth but painless and quite hard.
| Signs | Caries | Hypoplasia | Fluorosis |
| Period of appearance | After eruption | Before eruption | Before eruption |
| Affected teeth | Both permanent and temporary | Predominantly permanent (sometimes temporary) | Temporary |
| Localization | Sulci and other fissures, contact and precervical dental surfaces | Vestibular surface, cutting edge, humps. predominantly it affects the symmetrical teeth or teeth groups. | Vestibular surface, humps |
| Number of stains | Single, sometimes they are numerous | Predominantly single. | Multiple |
| Permeability for the dyes | Considerably increased | Without changes | Without changes |
| Changes of stains | It may disappear after the rem. therapy, usually a carious cavity develops on its place. | No disappearings, no changes in dynamics | No disappear-ings |
| At probing- | Smooth | Smooth | Smooth |
| Dependence on the fluorine content in drinking water | Increased affection at low fluorine concentrations in the drinking water | It doesn't depend | It appears in localities with increased content of fluorine in a drinking water |
Superficial caries developsinstead of a white or pigmented stain as a result of progressing of the destructive enamel changes which are accompanied with appearing carious defect which doesn't cross the enamel-dentine junction. Diagnosis of superficial caries. The complaints are absent ( at chronic development) or there may be complaints about short-lasting pain caused by the chemical irritants, during dental cleaning ( at acute development), aesthetic drawbacks: (color changes, enamel defects).
Objectively: enamel defects, round, white or brown. probing: expressed enamel hoarseness, the probe can't penetrate freely. Probing of the floor may cause pain (at acute development of the process).
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