D Read the Summary column. Which questions from Exercise 7b can you answer?
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 696.
| Reference: Martin, F-P.J., Rezzi, S., Pere-Trepat, E. et al. (2009). ‘Metabolic effects of dark chocolate consumption on energy, gut microbiota, and stress-related metabolism in free-living subjects' J. Proteome Res, 8 (12), pp 5568-5579. | ||
| Section of paper | Summary | Opinion |
| Method: | · 30 young healthy adults · 40 g of dark chocolate / day x 14 days (20 g am, 20 g pm) · pre-trial assessment of anxiety le-vels using questionnaires · participants classified as high or low anxiety · days 1, 8, 15 – blood and urine samples taken · analysed changes in cortisol and catecholamines in urine ℰr energy metabolism and gut microbial activities | · small sample · (1) ______ trial period · using 2 groups further (2) _______ sample size · didn't look at changes in (3) _____ levels or reported (4) _____ · No (5) _____ group · only young healthy participants |
| Results: | · reduction in stress hormones in the urine for all the participants · less difference between groups in energy metabolism and gut micro-bial activity | |
| Discussion: | · 40 g of dark chocolate a day for two weeks can change metabo-lism · could have long-term effects on health | · can't prove that (6) _____ caused the changes · need more people with the (7) _____ anxiety levels · give either chocolate or a (8) _____ · look at long-term stress, anxiety, health and (9) _____ changes · should use a (10) _____ trial |
e ▶ 2.2 Before writing his critical review, Ryuchi discusses his notes with Martina. Listen and complete the notes in the Opinion column, using one word from the recording for each answer.
f From the information in Ryuchi's notes, discuss in pairs whether you think the research is:
● credible? ● original? ● reliable? ● significant? ● valid?