Some aspects of British University life

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 832.

Unit V

A university in Great Britain is a place of higher education to which young men and women may go after finishing the course at a high school, that is, when they are about eighteen years old.

It is true that most students go to a university to study some special subject or group of subjects, knowledge of which will make it possible for them to earn their living as doctors, lawyers, engineers, teachers, etc. But it is recognized that a university must do more than supply the facts of medicine, law, engineering or whatever a man may have to do or teach: it must train its students in such a way that they themselves will always be eager to search for new knowledge and new ideas.

Of the full-time students now attending English universities three quarters are men and one quarter women. Nearly half of them are engaged in the study of arts subjects such as history, languages, economics or law, the others are studying pure or applied sciences such as medicine, dentistry, technology, or agriculture.

The University of London, for instance, includes internal and external students, the latter coming to London only to sit for their examinations. Actually most external students at London University are living in London. The colleges in the University of London are essentially teaching institutions, providing instruction chiefly by means of lectures, which are attended mainly by day students. The colleges of Oxford and Cambridge, however, are essentially residential institutions and they mainly use a tutorial method.

This tutorial system began at Oxford and Cambridge, where each college is a world of its own, with the students in residence, and they can easily appoint tutors to look after each student individually. The system is also used to some extent in the other universities to supplement lectures. Generally speaking there's one member of the teaching staff for every eight student in the universities. The tutorial system brings the tutor into the close and personal contact with the student. The colleges of Oxford and Cambridge, being residential, are necessarily far smaller than most of the colleges of the University of London.

Education of University standard is also given in other institutions such as colleges of technology and agricultural colleges, which prepare their students for degrees or diplomas in their own fields.

The three terms into which the British University year is divided are roughly eight to ten weeks. Each term is crowded with activity. The students have vacations between the terms.

A university usually has longer holidays than a school, and in England, in addition to the long summer holiday, which lasts three or four months, there are a few weeks at Christmas and Easter during which the students can go home. Many of them arrange to travel in July, August and September, partly for pleasure and partly for study. The students of some universities, who have to earn the money to pay for their education, spend the summer in doing various kinds of work. But it is not always easy to find employment.

If a person has a London degree, that means he has graduated from the University of London. A person studying for a degree at a British university is called an undergraduate; one who has taken a degree is called a graduate.

B.A. or B.Sc. stands for Bachelor of Arts, or of Science, the first degree. M.A. or M.Sc. denotes Master of Arts, or of Science. One can become a B.A. after three years of hard study, and an M.A. at the end of five years.

Life at a university is not all hard work. In fact at some universities in England and America success in sports and games seems almost as important as success in studies and it is considered a high honour to be chosen to play for one's university at cricket or football. Students of Oxford and Cambridge meet at almost every kind of sport, including tennis, running and jumping. And sometimes there are sports meetings between American and British universities.

Ex.1 Questions on the text:

1.Where do English young men and women get higher education? 2. At what age do they enter a university? 3.What is the proportion of men and women attending English universities? 4.What subjects are considered to be arts subjects? 5.What do they call pure and applied sciences? 6.What do you understand by internal and external students? 7.How do teaching institutes provide instruction to English students? 8.Why are the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge called residential institutions? 9.What is understood by tutors and the tutorial method? 10. Is it characteristic only of England? 11. At what colleges did it begin? 12. Why was it easy to appoint tutors there? 13. Do tutors look after each student individually or after a small group of students? 14. Is the tutorial system used in other universities of England? 15. At what other institutions can Englishmen get education of University standard? 16. How many terms is the University year divided into? 17. How long do they last? 18. What vacations (or holidays) have English students? 19. How long do Christmas and Easter holidays last? 20. What do they call the long summer holidays? 21. What do many English students do during their long summer holiday? 22. What do they call a person studying for a degree at a British university? 23. What do they call a person who has taken a degree? 24. What do the terms B. A., B. Sc., M. A. or M. SC. Stand for? 25. How do English students rest? 26. What role does sport play in the life of an English student?

Ex.2 Multiple-choice questions. Choose the right answer:

a)1. Arts subjects include (languages, history, psychology). 2. Applied sciences include (dentistry, literature, technology). 3. The University of London includes ( internal, foreign, external) students. 4. Many English students arrange to travel in summer for ( pleasure, study, getting sunburn). 5. Success in (sports, drama, games) seems almost as important as success in studies.

b)1. A person studying for a degree at a British university is called a(n) (graduate, post-graduate, undergraduate). 2. One can become a B. A. After ( five, six, three) years of hard work. 3. A university is a place of (higher, primary, secondary) education.

Ex.3 Be ready to speak on the following topics:

Aims of universities, the subjects the students study at a university, the arrangement of English universities, the tutorial system, terms, holidays, degrees, sport and public activities of universities students.