Foreign trade of countries of Western Europe.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 407.

European Economic Area

Western Europe — the largest world trade center. Its specific weight in world trade exceeds level of the USA. In the last decades EU keeps the steady USA and Japan. The production and transport equipment the most important group of a position and in world export, and in world import. Members of the Union make to 80% of an industrial output, 3/4 imports and 4/5 exports of all countries of Western Europe. Level of the goods imported from the USA, in 1993 was the share of it about 1/2 cumulative importing of EU countries from the USA. Import of raw materials (CMTK 0-4) makes 13,5% of the general import of EU countries of "openness" of economy EU measured by export and import quotas, is much higher, than in other centers of the world economy. However EU countries as a whole depend from the USA. Import of three most the SMTK important groups imported from the USA to which office equipment and computers, other industrial goods and the outside world at the expense of which they should satisfy 45% of the energy needs and the most necessary raw material resources belong. The export quota on the average electric equipment, makes about 30% of the general import of EU countries from the USA. Import of office equipment and computers makes 37% of the general import of EU countries of it of the USA makes about 25%. For separate, first of all small, West European countries dependence on a foreign market even more essential.

The most part (to 2/3) goods trade. To goods, the need for which import is satisfied in big degree at the expense of import from the USA, belong Pancake week (49% of all import of these goods to EU countries are the share of mutual trade, at all EU countries this indicator exceeds 50%, and at the small countries — 70%), about 10% — on trade with other European countries — EU is provided at the expense of import from the USA), measuring tools (48,4%), chemical materials and products, (earlier anywhere not classified) (44,4%), members of the OECD, about 7% — on trade from the USA, about 4% — on trade with Japan, about 12% — on trade with developing countries.

International trade is characterized by three main indicators: turn; commodity structure; geographical distribution. Development of trade promotes deepening of the international geographical divisions of labor, to development of integration processes between the countries. If to consider geographical distribution of world trade on the large to regions, participation of Western Europe in world trade at the beginning of the 90th years.

With all evidence follows that one of the main regions of international trade both I was, and there is Western Europe.

About 1/2 its international commodity turnovers are necessary on inside European trade. As well as it was possible to expect, its "kernel" in the foreign trade sphere, the EU group providing 40% of world commodity turnover and more forms 85% of international trade of the region. By the amount of the international commodity turnover certain countries of Western Europe "are built" in the following order: Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, Spain, and further with a considerable separation Switzerland, Sweden, Austria, Denmark, Finland and other countries. However, for many of them (Great Britain, France, Italy, Spain) are characteristic imbalance of the international barter, excess of import over export and, therefore, the passive trade balance. The most striking example of the country, already on an extent the decades, having positive balance of trade balance, can serve Germany where export at cost much more exceeds import. On the absolute to the amount of export Germany wins first place in the world.