Classical School of Management

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 475.

Reading

Scientific Management

a) read the following text

The oldest and widely accepted school of management is the classical school of management thought. Its aim is to provide rational and scientific efforts for the management organizations. Sometimes it is called the traditional school of management.

In the late 19^th century there was a need for efficient planning, organizing and controlling work activities within factories and plants. There appeared an interest in management as a process and as a science.

The classical school of management contributed a lot to the managerial process. For example: application of science to the practice of management; development of the basic management functions: organizing, influencing and controlling; application of specific principles of management. These principles improved the practice of management.

Besides Frederick Taylor's theory of Scientific Management, there was a theory of Henri Fayol. He presumed that the fundamental functions of any manager consist of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling.

His contemporary, Chester Barnard, believed that the most important function of a manager is to promote cooperative effort toward goals of the organization. He thought that cooperation depends on effective communications and a balance between rewards to, and contributions by each employee.