IV. Test.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 446.
1. Выберите определения справа, соответствующие терминам слева. Запишите ответы следующим образом: например, 6) – m.
| 1) general managers | a) managers at the lowest level in the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of operating (nonmanagerial) employees; |
| 2) project managers | b) managers beneath the top levels of the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of other managers below them; |
| 3) first-line managers | c) managers at the very top levels of the hierarchy who are ultimately responsible for the entire organization; |
| 4) top managers | d) managers who have responsibility for a specific, specialized area of the organization and supervise mainly individuals with expertise and training in that specialized area; |
| 5) functional managers | e) managers who have responsibility for a whole organization or a substantial subunit that includes most of the common specialized areas within it; |
| 6) middle managers | f) managers who have responsibility for coordinating efforts involving individuals in several different organizational units who are all working on a particular project. |
2. Дополните предложения, выбрав необходимое слово или словосочетание справа. Запишите ответы следующим образом: например,7)– m.
| 1) One dimension is a vertical dimension, focusing on different … in the organization. | a) first-line managers | |
| 2) ... are extremely important to the success of an organization because they have the major responsibility of seeing that day-to-day operations run smoothly in pursuit of organizational goals. | b) horizontal differentiation | |
| 3) The power of first-line supervisors has been gradually eroding because of such factors as ... . | c) high-technology firms | |
| 4) … are mainly responsible for implementing overall organizational plans so that organizational goals are achieved as expected. | d) hierarchical levels | |
| 5) Top-level managers are often referred to as ..., although the term “executive” also is sometimes used to include the upper layers of middle managers. | e) general manager | |
| 6) The three major types of ... among managerial jobs on the basis of responsibility area are functional, general, and project managers. | f) union influence and the increasing educational level of workers | |
| 7) A small company usually will have only one ..., who is the head of the entire organization. | g) executives | |
| 8) Project managers are frequently used in aerospace and other ... to coordinate projects, such as airplane or computer project development. | h) middle managers | |
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| III. Vocabulary items. | | | DEFINING OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT |