Language section. Grammar.

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 432.

Difficult and unfamiliar words and expressions

Language section. Vocabulary.

Pre-reading Instructions

ASSIGNMENTS TO CHAPTER 3

counterfeit (v) — to imitate in order to deceive;

sponge (n) — a piece of absorbent material used in surgery;

preliminary (adj.)— coming first and preparing for what lows, leading up to the main part;

eliminated herself from the competition— refused to t part in the competition on her own will;

to be in short supply — to be not enough to meet the demand;

scarce (adj.) — seldom seen;

expediency (n)— advantage gained by sacrificing (giving up) principles;

ingenious methods — clever methods;

corrupt (adj.) — dishonest;

vicious (adj.) — corrupt, cruel;

no good — not smart, stupid;

toddler (n) — a child who just starts to walk;

self-sufficient (adj.) — independent, needing no help from others;

reward (n) — something given in return for service, work, merit, etc.

shoddy workmanship— work of poor quality; shoddy– poorly made;

rampant (adj.)— growing in large proportions; found everywhere and spreading rapidly;

Ten Commandments — ten Laws given by God to Moses who led the Israelites from Egypt;

virtue (n)— moral excellence (also a particular good moral quality, like kindness, etc);

fidelity (n) — faithfulness;

adultery (n) — sexual betrayal in marriage;

spouse (n) — one's husband or wife;

supersede (v) — to displace

1. Pay attention to the following sentences which contain the Complex Object Constructions:

Let them accept responsibility for their actions as early as possible.

...they should treat others as they would have others treat them.

Never let friendships with others supersede your relationship with your spouse.

Make your spouse your best and most trusted friend.

2. The following sentence contains archaic forms:

“…thou shalt conduct thyself in such a manner as to set an example worthy of imitation by thy children."

thou — you

thyself —yourself;

thy –your;

shalt –should.

3. Emphatic use of "do":

…..they do have minds of their own.