VII. Reading
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 395.
Задание 1. Прочитайте текст “Sewerage”быстро. Постарайтесь понять, о чем он. Затем прочитайте еще раз внимательно. Такой метод поможет Вам лучше понять, что Вы читаете. Слова, помеченные розовым цветом, Вы сможете найти в разделе Vocabulary. Переведите текст.
SEWERAGE
The problem of protecting natural water resources has grown very pressing for many countries since the beginning of the second half of the 20th century. The development of human society, the growth of civilization and social and technical progress has resulted in the changing of the composition of natural water resources. The rivers, lakes and groundwaters contain today a considerable amount of the products of mechanical, chemical and biological pollution.
The waste products that result from the daily activities in a community are of two general types: namely, the liquid waste, known as sewage and the solid waste, known as refuse. The different wastes of which sewage is composed are the following: the wastes from laboratories, baths, sinks, and laundry tanks in residences, institutions, and business buildings; certain liquid wastes from various types of manufacturing or industrial plants, and, in many communities, the surface run-off that results from storms or street-flushing operations.
Sewage may also be divided according to its source into the following three classes. The sewage from residences, institutions and business buildings is called domestic sewage, sanitary sewage or house sewage; that resulting from manufacturing or industrial processes is known as industrial waste; and that from run-off during or immediately following storms is called storm sewage. A combination of domestic sewage, industrial waste and storm water is called combined sewage.
Both sewage and refuse must be removed promptly in order to avoid endangering the health of community and also prevent decomposition of the materials of animal or vegetable origin and the subsequent production of nuisances and odours.
Задание 2. Подберите соответствующий перевод из правого столбца к данным английским словам. Ответ запишите в строку внизу в виде комбинации цифр и букв.
| 1. pollution | e. неприятные запахи |
| 2. waste products | d. зловоние |
| 3. liquid waste | c. промышленные сточные воды |
| 4. sewage | b. бытовые сточные воды |
| 5. solid waste | a. пищевые отходы |
| 6. refuse | j. твёрдые отходы |
| 7. domestic sewage | i. жидкие отходы |
| 8. industrial waste | h. сточные воды |
| 9. nuisances | g. продукты отхода |
| 10. odors | f. загрязнение |
| 1 – ___ 2 – ___ 3 – ___ 4 – ___ 5 – ___ 6 – ___ 7 – ___ 8 – ___ 9 – ___ 10 – ___ |
Задание 3. Укажите, какие из данных предложений выражают главную мысль текста. Правильный вариант выделите синим цветом.
1) Water taken from its natural source - the ground lakes or rivers - contains many objectionable elements.
2) The waste products that result from the daily activities in a community must be removed promptly passing through different methods of treatment.
3) The drains from a residence or office buildings are connected to a single underground pipe called a house sewer.
Задание 4. Какие из данных предложений выражают основное содержание текста. Расположите их согласно последовательности изложения.
1) Sewage may also be classified according to its source.
2) Both sewage and refuse must be removed promptly in order to avoid endangering the health of the people.
3) Sewage is composed of different types of wastes, which result from the daily activities in a community.
Задание 5. Сгруппируйте слова правой и левой колонки в смысловые сочетания.Ответ запишите в строку внизу в виде комбинации цифр и букв.
1) liquid A sewage
2) solid B waste
3) domestic C pollution
4) industrial
5) storm
6) sanitary
7) house
8) combined
9) mechanical
10) chemical
| 1 – ___ 2 – ___ 3 – ___ 4 – ___ 5 – ___ 6 – ___ 7 – ___ 8 – ___ 9 – ___ 10 – ___ |
Задание 6. Заполните пробелы в предложениях одним из данных ниже вариантов.
1) Sewage and refuge are the__________________ that results from the daily activities in a community.
a) industrial waste b) waste products c) liquid waste
2) The wastes from laboratories, baths, sinks, and laundry tanks in residences, institutions, and business buildings are ____________.
a) solid waste b) industrial waste c) liquid waste
3) The sewage from residences, institutions and business buildings is called ______________ .
a) domestic sewage b) storm sewage c) combined sewage
4) _________________ is the combination of domestic sewage, industrial waste and storm water.
a) sanitary sewage b) combined sewage c) storm sewage
5) The waste products must be removed promptly in order to avoid production of ___________.
a) sewage and refuse b) sludge and pollution c) nuisance and odours
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