The role of the political subcultures

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 533.

The unity of political culture contributes to the stability of society, accurate prediction of many political processes. In fact, due to social diversity of society different political subcultures that exist in it, can be a source of destabilization of the socio-political life. It is possible that the "degree of compatibility between the various sub-cultures to be the major factor in the political stability of the country."

Various political subcultures can easily get along with each other, interacting in a single for the society of political culture. Such unity - a source of social stability. In socially heterogeneous society there and the counterculture: directed against the prevailing attitudes and act as "troublemaker."

When you are serious differences, different cultures and subcultures interests are threatened collapse of the education and fragmented political culture.

It is characterized by loss of shared ideals and values, the priority of localism, nationalism and group selfishness. Fragmented political culture - an inevitable attribute of revolutions, fractures periods of social development. An example of a fragmented political culture is the culture of Canada. Studies carried out in this country, showed that Canadians often identify themselves with the federal government. On the question of what kind of government closer to them - federal or provincial, the majority of respondents identified recently. Also fragmented political culture are Germany, France, Italy and some other countries.

The main problem of the formation democratic subculture is that the proposed new ideas to society, the norms and values should be definitely in tune with its traditional values, they should not be in an insoluble contradiction with the fundamental units of mass consciousness, with basic values. The selection of the ideas and values of modern democracy, which are relevant for the Russians today, will probably gradually, in the course of the process of forming a democratic subculture.

R.A.Dal, an American political scientist, argued that a society with strong and opposing subcultures (ethnic, religious, cultural, linguistic) cannot become a developed society, a large-scale modern democracy (polyarchy called them).

His own way to resolve the problem of transition to democracy heterogeneous societies multipartite offered another American political scientist A. Lijphart, who proposed such a method with a transition period - social democracy. The essence of it - to create the conditions for the coexistence of different subcultures in society, which may allow at least some of the most acute contradictions between the segments of the society. While this path does not guarantee the establishment of a stable democracy multipartite society, but only a certain chance to do so.

For Russia, the optimal model could probably be a model of social democracy, which assumes that government institutions have policies in the interests of the majority of the people and rely on the support of numerous political subcultures.

Outline:

1. Definition of political subculture

2. Types of political subcultures

3. Role of the political subcultures

4. Problem of formation democratic subculture

List of literature:

Zerkin DP, Fundamentals of Political Science. - Rostov / A, 1999.

Kamenskaya GV, Rodionov AN The political systems of the present - Moscow, 1994.

Pugachev VP, Solovyov AI Introduction to Political Science. - M., 2000

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