SELF-CORRECTING WORK
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 563.
1. Read the text and do the tasks below.
Maria Montessori lived between 1870 and 1952. She was an Italian educator who has left her mark on education today. Her Montessori method of education is widely used all around the world. Many educationalists say it is the best system for child education. Montessori was also a doctor, philosopher and philanthropist. She was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize three times for her work.
Montessori was the first woman to graduate from University of Rome Medical School. She trained as a psychiatrist and was interested in educating the “mentally retarded” and others with learning difficulties. She had great success when her class of “problematic” 8-year-olds had above-average scores in state reading and writing tests. This was described as “the first Montessori miracle”.
Hearing about Maria's achievements, the government of Rome asked her to start her own children's school. In 1907, the Casa dei Bambini opened in a poor neighbourhood of Rome. Montessori experimented with a philosophy she called “spontaneous self-development”, which meant letting children develop and learn at their own pace. Her methods once again met with great success. More schools opened and she gained worldwide fame.
Montessori was exiled from Italy because she refused to allow her schools to turn children into soldiers. She lived in Spain until the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936. In 1939 she moved to India and spent ten years working on training courses, which are still seen as innovative today. She traveled around the world lecturing until her death in 1952.
mentally retarded – šīēóģīāī ā³äńņąėčé
exile – ēąńėąķķ˙, āčćķąķķ˙
2. Choose the correct answer:
1. Maria Montessori is famous for _________________________
A) developing an original teaching method.
B) creating a unique system of medical treatment.
C) winning the Nobel Peace Prize.
D) contribution into charity.
2. Which of the following was not Maria Montessori's occupation?
A) Doctor. C) Philosopher.
B) Educationalist. D) Scientist.
3. Montessori was the first woman to ___________________
A) teach children.
B) be nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.
C) receive a University of Rome Medical School diploma.
D) study at University of Rome Medical School.
4. How many times was Montessori nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Once. C) Three times.
B) Twice. D) The text doesn't say.
5. What phenomenon was described as “the first Montessori miracle”?
A) Educating the “mentally retarded” children.
B) Teaching children with learning difficulties.
C) Achieving above-average test results from the class of “problematic” children.
D) Teaching 8-year-olds to read and write.
6. What government asked Montessori to start her own children's school?
A) Italian. C) French.
B) Spanish. D) Indian.
7. According to the text, the method of “spontaneous self-development” means _______________
A) letting children develop and learn at their own tempo.
B) letting children develop and learn following their own program.
C) letting children develop and learn at their own homes.
D) letting children develop and learn on their own.
8. Her teaching method was famous ____________________
A) in Spain. C) in India.
B) in Italy. D) worldwide
3. Answer the questions:
Why did Montessori leave Italy?
How and where did she spend the last years of her life?
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