Louis Pasteur 1822-1895

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 793.

The Industrial Revolution in Britain

a When……………………………………………………………………….?

The Industrial Revolution happened during the second half of the 18th century in Britain.

b How…………………………………………………………………………?

Work changed with the building of large factories.

c What................................................................................................................?

The first factories produced iron, steel, and textiles.

d What…………………………………………………………………………?

New technology encouraged the production of more ships, and

railway equipment.

e What power………………………………………………………………….?

Factories used steam power.

f What…………………………………………………………………………?

These factories required lots of coal for the steam engines.

g Where……………………………………………………………………….?

Manufacturers constructed their factories close to coal mines.

h Why………………………………………………………………………….?

They decided to do this because it was expensive to transport coal.

i What…………………………………………………………………………?

Factories also needed limestone and iron ore, for the manufacture of steel.

J Where……………………………………………………………………….?

Industry in the UK developed near the coal fields of South Wales, the Midlands, north-east England and central Scotland.

Ex.3. Complete the text with the past simple affirmative, negative or question forms of the verbs in brackets.

As a young man, Pasteur a…studied.at the Ecole Normale in Paris. Then at the age of just 32, he b (become)..............................................a professor at the University of Lille. In 1856, Pasteur с (receive).................................... a visit from a man called Bigo who d (own)............................................a factory that e(make)...................................................alcohol from sugar beet. He f(have)..............................................a question for Pasteur: why g (the alcohol / turn/ to acid?)..................................................? When this h(happen)..............................., they i (not can)................................use it and j(throw)............................................it away. Bigo k(ask).....................................................Pasteur to find out the reason for this. At first, Pasteur I (not know).................................................., but when he m(examine)....................................................the alcohol under a microscope, he n(find).............................................,...thousands of tiny micro-organisms. He о(believe)........................................that they p(cause)............................................the problem, q (milk, wine and vinegar/behave'/in the same way?)..............................................................................................................? Other scientists r (disagree)................................................with him, and newspapers s(make).............................................................fun of him. However, Pasteur t(continue).............................................................with his work, he u(invent)...............................methods of testing his theory and v(prove).............................................................that he was right. Later he w(work).............................................................together with two doctors and x(develop).............................................................vaccines for diseases such as anthrax and rabies.

Ex.4. Find the sentences with Past Indefinite forms and put to them as many questions as you can.

1. Only an hour ago the operator added some water to the solution in the retort. Now he is observing changes in the substance. 2. The teaching assistant expressed the result of the experiment in mathematical terms. 3. The man standing at the far end of the corridor is going to switch the light on. He is a chemistry teacher. Last year he worked at our University. 4. The book helped the researcher to understand the theory of light. 5. You studied the main principles of dynamics at school. 6. At this temperature, the properties of the gas changed greatly. 7. My friend graduated from the institute two years ago. Now he works as an engineer at the chemical factory/

(H)Ex. 5. Complete the sentence with the past simple form of the verb in brackets.

a Aztec civilization (develop).....................................in the Valley of Mexico, 7,500 feet above sea level.

bThe Aztecs (leave)............................................their own land of Aztlan at some time during the 12th or 13th century.

с They (believe)............................................that Huitzilopochtli their war god (want).......................................... them to search for a new land.

dThey (arrive)............................................in the Valley of Mexico during the 12th or 13th century AD.

e They (build)............................................their capital city, Tenochtitlan, on an island in Lake Texcoco.

f They (plant)………………….. trees on the island to make the land better, (work)........................................hard and (improve).................................the land.

gWhen the Spanish (arrive)............................................in 1519, Montezuma, the Aztec ruler, (think)............................................ that Cortez was a returning god.

h When the Spanish (see)............................................the Aztecs7 gold, they (decide)............................................to conquer the city.

i Later they (kill)…………………Montezuma, (defeat)………………..the Aztecs and (destroy)............................................Aztec religion and culture.

(H) Ex. 6. Write ten sentences about a famous historical figure or scientist from your country.

PARTICIPLE II