Upward communication

Date: 2015-10-07; view: 433.

Downward communication

Formal communication

Descriptive feedback

tactfully honest and objective

evaluative feedback judgmental and accusatory

environment includes the time, place, physical and social surroundings

climate an organization's social and work environment

noise anything that interferes with communication by distorting or blocking the message

ethics the standards by which behaviors are evaluated for their morality: their rightness or wrongness

four ethical rules utilitarian rule, moral rights rule, justice rule, practical rule

utilitarian rule ethical decisions create the greatest good for the greatest

number of people

moral rights rule ethical decisions protect people's fundamental or inalienable

rights

justice rule ethical decisions provide fair and equal treatment for all

individuals or groups involved

practical rule ethical decisions are easy to communicate to society because the

typical person would find them acceptable

flows along the official paths prescribed by the

organization's chain of command

formal messages that flow from managers and supervisors to subordinates

formal messages that flow from subordinates to supervisors and

managers

"mum effect" the desire to conceal bad news, problem in upward communication