Universal pre-publication censorship of scientists.
Date: 2015-10-07; view: 457.
In the field of non-profit technical assistance to developing countries is often seen investment in technology of yesterday, so countries providing technology to developing countries earn sometimes excess of help.
Information technology (IT, from the English. Information technology, IT) - a broad class of disciplines and areas related to technology creation, preservation, management and processing of data, including the use of computer technology. Recently, under the information technology often understand computer technology. In particular, IT deals with the use of computers and software to create, store, process, limitations to send and receive information. Specialists in computer engineering and programming are often called IT specialists.
According to the definition adopted by UNESCO, IT - a set of inter-related science, technology, engineering disciplines that study the methods of efficient organization of people involved processing and storage of information, computer equipment and methods of organization and interaction with people and production equipment, and their practical applications, and associated with all of these social, economic and cultural problems. Themselves require complex IT training, high initial costs and high-tech equipment. Their implementation should begin with the creation of the software, modelling, formation of data warehousing and staging solutions.
Broadly speaking, cover all areas of IT to create, transfer, storage, and perception of information and not just computer technology. In this case, IT is often associated with computer technology, and this is no accident: the emergence of computers has brought a new level of IT. As once TV, and before printing.
The information technology industry is engaged in the creation, development and operation of information systems. Information technologies are designed based and rational use of modern advances in computer technology and other high-tech, new communication tools, software, and practical experience to solve problems in the effective organization of the information process for reducing the time, effort, energy and material resources in all human life and modern society. Information technology interact and often are an integral part of services, management, manufacturing, and social processes
Start of development - from the 1960's, with the advent and development of the first information systems (IS).
Investment in infrastructure and Internet services have stimulated the growth of the IT industry in the late 1990s.
Structuring of standards for digital communication algorithms;
The widespread use of computer conservation and the provision of information needed;
The transmission of information through digital technologies in virtually unlimited distances.
Gilbert and Lopez noted the exponential growth of technological progress (sort of Moore's law) as an increase in the specific power of all machines to process information twice per person every 14 months between 1986 and 2007, global capacity telecommunication opportunities per capita has doubled every 34 months; number of entry in the world per capita has doubled every 40 months (that is, every three years), and the information broadcast per capita tends to double about every 12.3 years. The interaction of information technology and business seen in the following: 1) IT technologies increase the efficiency and competitiveness of almost any business, and 2) to present all the business moved online, so any company must have a strategy for a new reality, and 3) if the company does not have such a strategy - it has no future. Information technology as a tool to enhance the core business must be used wisely and carefully. The positive effect is achieved only if the company's management has a clear understanding of the purpose of future actions. That is, if there is a tool that can bring value to the business, you need to anticipate a few steps forward, what will the business itself and how to promote the use of IT technology to support the successful implementation of the business strategy. Otherwise, this is very powerful, also expensive and difficult to use, good for business, unfortunately, will not bring, and the money will be spent on IT in vain.
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