Monument to a water carrier on Tolstoy Street

The Kazan monument represents the first water carrier transferring to the little girl a bucket with water. So in Kazan before opening of the first water supply system in 1874 provided with water the population and extinguished fires which in the wooden city happened often. Picturesque water carrier in a national shirt, the horse and the girl cast from bronze, cost to the Kazan water utility three million rubles and were presented to citizens on a City Day in 2008.

Bolshaya Krasnaya Street — one of the oldest streets of the central part of Kazan.

Bolshaya Krasnaya Street begins from the intersection with Baturin Street at a foot of the Kazan Kremlin, goes east, and comes to an end on crossing with Tolstoy Street at suvorovsky school. To the south parallel to it are located also Charles Marx Street, Dzerzhinsky and Gorky.

Bolshaya Krasnaya Street begins at walls of the Kremlin, and comes to an end at walls of Suvorovsky school. After walk down the street there is a strange impression. The person as if glanced to the world in which the present and the past oddly intertwined. The majority of houses are constructed in the XIX century. Some of them are restored, and some only waiting for builders. Houses which have historical and architectural value for Kazan are included in the photo report. The spirit of old times lives in these houses still, in whatever condition thus they were

The street begins the Parishional Pyatnitsky temple (Big Red, 1). The temple existed at the end of the XVI century. In the 30th years of the XVIII century on Ivan Mikhlyaev's means (the builder of the Peter and Paul cathedral) nowadays existing church for workers of a cloth manufactory was constructed. It was trekhprestolny, the main throne was consecrated for the sake of the Lord's Epiphany (since 1831 - for the sake of the Nativity of the Theotokos), right - for the sake of three Kazan prelates - Gury, Herman and Varsofony, left - for the sake of St. Paraskeva Pyatnitsy.

However the name "Pyatnitsky" was assigned to church and arrival probably according to the name of the first not remained temple and the left throne. The temple is constructed in style of the Russian baroque. Its initial shape strongly changed eventually. In the 30th years of the XIX century according to the project of architect P.G.Pyatnitsky the entrance portico was constructed, in 1855 the fallen into decay left side-altar is sorted and built according to the new project that made the temple asymmetric.

Believers very much read an icon of St. martyr Paraskeva Pyatnitsy. The priest of Pyatnitsky church father Feodor Gidaspov shot by security officers on November 12, 1918 on charge "in anti-Soviet activity", will nowadays be read by believers as the new martyr. In 1937 the temple was closed and turned into People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs prison about what Evgenia Ginzburg and Ibrahim Salakhov's memoirs remained. Subsequently in to prison mass executions were carried out. In the 1950th years the belltower is demolished, and the temple came to desolation. In 1997 the temple is returned to orthodox believers. Now in church the orthodox Chuvash community works.

To the address Big Red, 5 the complex of buildings of the Bogoroditsky female monastery, constructed at the end of XVII – the second half of the XIX centuries architects P.E. Starov, F.E.Yemelyanov, Y.M. Shelkovnikovym, P.G.Pyatnitskim, F.I.Petondi settles down. The monastery was based at the end of the XVI century, and the monastic complex developed at a turn of the XVII-XIX centuries. The project of building was developed by architect Starov. Originally works provincial architect F.E.Emelyanov directed. So far from a brilliant architectural complex of the Bogoroditsky monastery strongly reconstructed buildings of the Sofia gateway church, Krestovozdvizhensky and Nikolsky churches, insistent and brotherly cases, monastic hotel, part of a fencing with gate and towers remained

The history of the Kazan Bogoroditsky female monastery is inseparably linked with finding in Russia a wonder-working Kazan icon of the Mother of God. This icon is one of the most esteemed in the Russian Church. Once Daniel Onuchin's daughters in a dream the Blessed Virgin was and told that on a place of their burned-down house her image is hidden. Girl Matrona found on the ashes an icon of the Virgin, in Orthodoxy known as the Wonder-working icon of the Kazan Mother of God – the defender of Earth of the Russian. Festive cope of an icon 1120 jewels, 479 brilliants, 120 diamonds decorated, a huge number of pearls. On a place of the phenomenon built wooden church and a maiden monastery

The Krestovozdvizhensky church is constructed in 1877. The one-dome building with the eight-columned portico of an Ionic award which is coming to the end with a big pediment with a stucco molding "eye of Omniscience". Long time there was a KGPI educational case. The monastery fencing in 1820 was capitally reconstructed according to P.G.Pyatnitskogo's project. Monumental gate are erected in style of classicism. The integrity of an architectural complex was broken in the 1930th years, in connection with placement here tobacco factory. The center of a monastic complex – a cathedral of the Kazan Mother of God is destroyed. In an iconostasis there were well-known icons of the Kazan Mother of God and the Christ Savior. Now on a place of this monastery there is an operating Bogoroditsky man's monastery.

The building of a hostel of KGTU of Tupolev, constructed in 1937 architect I.E.Chernyadyevym, is on Bolshaya Krasnaya Street, 7. The angular four-storeyed building, in the plan G-shaped. The angular part is slanted and underlined the central entrance, stained-glass windows with flanking columns and rectangular the attiky. Lateral facades are solved with rhythmical use of pilasters and balconies.

Architectural interest represents a house constructed by architect M.A.Pospekhovym in 1939 (Big Red, 14). The four-storeyed building constructed on the symmetric scheme that is emphasized with a loggia and three-coal attiky, located in the center. The first floor is processed the rusty. Neoclassical direction of the Soviet period.

In the former building of the Admiralty office (1774-1776) which constructed according to schemes of the well-known architect Vasily Kaftyrev (Big Red, 20/6), now a nakhoditsyafederation of tennis of RT. The building two-storeyed, walls are processed by the rustovanny pilasters put on a smooth acting socle. Windows are processed by baroque platbands, a monument of the period of late baroque with classicism elements.

To the address Big Red, 41 there is a house belonging at the end of the XIX century to a family Osokinykh. The three-storyed house, facade composition the symmetric, central part is emphasized massive the attiky. An important role in shape of the house is played by a combination of krasnokirpichny walls and the plastered details. The house is executed in neoklassitsistichesky style with elements of brick style.

The staff of Union of Right Forces party in Tatarstan is located in Burudin's house (Big Red, 42). The house is built in the middle of the XIX century, reconstructed at the beginning of the XX century. The construction represents the one-storeyed house with an attic. At the beginning of the XX century it is newly sheathed and trimmed in style of late classicism. Windows without platbands, window apertures of the first floor and an attic are divided by pilasters of a Doric award.

The second educational case of the Kazan state conservatory is in Ivanov-Aleksandrovykh former house (Big Red, 45/14). Earlier in this house the building of a gymnasium of Shumkova settled down. The house is built in 1854 and reconstructed in 1934 by architects I. P. Bessonov and P.T.Speransky. According to the project of 1854 the two-storeyed corner house was built. In 1934 two floors are built on. Finishing of two first floors klassitsistichesky, the third and fourth floors of finishing have no.

Management of material support and Faros real estate agency (Big Red, 49) settles down in N.A.Gerken's constructed in the middle of the XIX century former house. The semi-stone house, at first his facade was trimmed according to tastes of this time. The first floor is imposed with the glazed tile of plant Oat, platbands of the first floor are executed in modernist style forms.

The Bagetny workshop is located on the first floor at the address Big Red, 58, in the former house E. A.Chepurin constructed in 1906. Other two floors of the house inhabited. The three-storyed house, facade composition three-private, lateral parts are emphasized with projections, and the center – rusty around window apertures. The eaves are trimmed by a modelled pattern.

The house to the address Big Red, 59 is well-known for the prominent residents. In it in different years there lived scientists and cultures: in 1934-1964 языковед M.F.Fazlullin; in 1941-1943 historians B.D.Grekov, A.V. Efimov, M. V. Levchenko; in 1963-1981 drama actors G. R. Shamukov. The house to the address Big Red, 59 is well-known for the prominent residents. In it in different years there lived scientists and cultures: in 1934-1964 языковед M.F.Fazlullin; in 1941-1943 historians B.D.Grekov, A.V. Efimov, M. V. Levchenko; in 1963-1981 drama actors G. R. Shamukov.

In 1910-1930 in the house 60/35 down the street Big Red there lived prominent physiologist Alexander Samoilov. In 1913 the Kazan's first kindergarten here was organized. At the end of the XIX century in it there lived I.N. Aristov. The three-storyed G-shaped house in the plan. Facades are trimmed in the spirit of the stylist direction of eclecticism. Balconies of chebaksinsky forging.

At the end of the street the building of Bacteriological institute constructed in 1898 by architect Lev Hrshchonovich (Big Red, 67) is located. The three-storyed brick partially plastered house located with derogation from the red line of the street, behind a fencing. Facade composition the symmetric. Windows of the ground and second floor rectangular, the third floor - semi-circular, platbands, сандрики and draft on a frieze are plastered. In settling down in the building Bakteriologiches institute (now microbiology Institute) prominent scientists-biologists worked as directors: in 1902-1920 N.F.Vysotsky, in 1920-1930 V.M.Aristovsky.

On the opposite side of the street (Big Red, 68/25) it is possible to see the house of Kiselevskogo-Osokina-Artsybasheva completed in 1859. In 1845-1846 in this house there lived Lev Tolstoy. The three-storyed, difficult house in the plan, with facades on angular streets – B.Krasnuyu and Tolstoy. Windows of the first floor rectangular, without platbands, between the first and the second floors – two drafts, windows of the second floor rectangular, extended up with profiled platbands rectangular сандриками with drainage systems, windows of the third floor are close to a square, with profiled platbands. Style of the house late classicism.

Charles Marx Street - once the silent noble street, today one of the central brisk streets of Kazan on which business and student's life boils. Thus one of the few, last years storing the atmosphere transmitting spirit of old times.

The street begins at the bottom of the Kremlin, at park of Gorky passes to N. Ershov Street. Initially it consisted of two parts: one reached Svoboda Square and the second part - Arsky as on this road it was possible to leave to Orsk was called Pokrovsk, and.

In process of building Arskaya Street in the XVIII century was divided on Vozdvizhensky (a site from the Kremlin to present Krasin Street), Pokrovsk (from Krasin Street to Svoboda Square), Georgian (from Svoboda Square to present Tolstoy St.) and Arsky (since Tolstoy St.).

The name "Georgian" occurs from the Georgian church which, unfortunately, didn't remain up to now. Today here house No. 44. From the most origin Charles Marx Street becomes one of the most respectable because of the arrangement – in the top, most convenient part of the city. Here notable and rich inhabitants move into. Starting building magnificent houses and to pave streets, they get here special measured way of life.

Having walked on it, you feel that atmosphere which once here reigned. Many houses which have kept the original state, draw attention, excite imagination.

At the very beginning of the street the building of the former First man's gymnasium where studied Derzhavin, Aksakov, Lobachevsky, Butlerov, Shishkin, Water-melons is located. Today this building of KGTU of Tupolev (KAI). As before, student's life, however, a lot of things here rages changed – people, time, lifestyle.

The Admiralty office created in style of the Petersburg baroque is interesting: by the ships constructed here Peter I went to the Persian campaign. Since the XIX century there was a territorial hospital, now - a cardiological clinic. Slightly at some distance, on K.Marx, 26, Sacred Ekaterina's (1863) constructed for a community of Protestants in Kazan the Lutheran church is located. Construction Lutheran кирхи in Kazan began in 1767. This year was significant for the German Lutheran community of the city visit by his iperatritsy Ekaterina II and arrival to the Kazan garrison of the regimental priest Lutheran.

Sacred Ekaterina's (Sankt-Katharinen-Kirche) Lutheran church was open in 1771. This church staid only three years: during storm of Kazan by Yemelyan Pugachev in July 1774, all of its wooden structures were burned, along with the church archives. But by 1777 - and again in the stone - the church was rebuilt on the money parishioners.

The current building was built in 1862-1865 under the project assistant city architect Leo Kazimirovich Hrschonovicha (who was also the author of well-known projects in buildings Alafuzov theater and Alexander shelter) was built a new brick church building in the Romanesque style with Gothic (250 seats). Redevelopment project of the church - plan and elevations - was royally approved on 4 May 1861.

The rebuilt church was consecrated December 1, 1863. The brick church building with three wings adjoined courtyard garden. In one wing of the school is located (arranged in 1782 and rebuilt in 1842), in another - the apartment pastor, was arranged in the third parsonage (second floor above it appeared in 1864.) On the field, the community owned Arskoe also Lutheran cemetery with wooden lodge.

Favorite Kazan Tatars Freedom Square - a truly cultural and historical center of the city. This is the point of intersection of architectural eras and genres. Back in 1851 the area was built by the city theater. Wooden structure has suffered from fires. Later the building was undergoing various changes. After a fire in 1919, the theater was dismantled.

In 1954, by sculptor and architect P. Yaqin A. Hegel on the site of the theater was a monument to VI Lenin, then by the architect A. Lyubimov Square was laid out park. Opposite the theater until 1871 there was a dusty parade ground for military exercises. In the years 1871-72, the site was a garden, and in the area facing the square, a monument Derzhavin (formerly monument is located on the campus). So obrazovalsyaDerzhavinsky garden.

But in 1931, the monument was destroyed Derzhavin. Today, a garden, and his name - a story. In this part of the area attracts Tatar Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre. Musa Jalil (Soviet neoclassicism, 1933-1956). Its construction started in 1933 by the architect N.Skvortsova. The death of the architect and the patriotic war permanently halted construction. They were resumed only in 1948.

Nobility - a unique monument of architecture, is a jewel of the area. It was designed by architect I.Efimova St. Petersburg in 1852. The project was made M.Korinfskim, but it was rejected. However, construction is still assigned to him. M.Korinfsky paid great attention to interior design. In the recent Soviet times there was the House officers. October 26, 1917 in this building Soviet power was proclaimed in Kazan.

In contrast to Marx Noble Assembly is General Bulygina house, which was built by the architect A.Lomana in 1850. In the years 1885-93 in the house hosted a chess club, which has visited Lenin, arriving in Kazan. A plaque on the house and says, "In this house, in the chess club in the winter 1888-1889, repeatedly visited Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin)."

At the intersection of Karl Marx with the street number 64 Mushtari has one of the most beautiful buildings of Kazan - Sandetskogo palace, which now raspolozhenMuzey Fine Arts, which now stores 10,000 works of art, including works by F. Rokotov, V. Tropinin K. Briullov , I. Kramskoi, Ivan Shishkin, Ilya Repin, Valentin Serov, Levitan, Roerich, Kandinsky.

The architecture of the building is solved in the style of country palaces mansions. The facades are decorated with magnificent moldings interspersed elements of Art Nouveau. The building - a project architect F.Amlonga.

Opposite the palace is a building school of music. This wooden structure suffered five devastating urban fires, and belonged to the poet E. Baratynsky. Near at Marx № 70 - situated Art School (1903, architect K.Myufke). Architecture school is made in the fashion of the style of the time - pseudo. Dark red brick walls and light cream base makes this building like a tower.

Marx at number 67 is Barbara church (Church of Barbara). It began to build in 1781 on the site of the house of Kazan lieutenant governor, who died in 1774 at 104 years of age at the hands of Pugachev.

The temple was rebuilt in 1907 on the project of Fedor Malinowski. The church has attracted attention for its elegance and the fact that once in the choir of the church sang Feodor Chaliapin. Across the road is visible blue body Advanced Courses for Women, and our road lies even further by a high fence, behind which hides cottage village, past the hotel "Corston", past the monument to the fallen in the Civil War and the Great Patriotic War.

The modern world is fundamentally changed the look of the streets of Kazan, and "forced" to live in a neighborhood with modernized buildings, but is still in an endless string of old mansions soars faint ghost stories.

Kremlin Street - the main street in the historical center, in the district of Kazan Vakhitovskoe originating in the area on May 1 and ends at the University of the square of the town of Kazan (Volga) Federal University (CFI).

Previous street name - Saviour (Spasskaya Tower at the Kazan Kremlin), Resurrection (c end of the XVII century, the demolished Church of the Resurrection 1671), Chernyshevsky (since 1917), Lenin (since 1960). The modern name of the street acquired in 1996, taking over from its now defunct street to another location (street name offered Syuyumbike named legendary Tatar queen was not approved).

Date of the street - XVI century. The main building of the street has developed in the XIX century. In the late XIX - early XX century the street operated tram line and then tram number 4. In the second half of the XX century, the street went rare bus number 15. Currently, most of the length of the street walking minibus № 98.

1050 meters long street runs along the crest of the hill to the north-west to south-east. In 2011, the sidewalks all over the streets were lined with stones.

Street is rich in architectural, historical and cultural monuments, most of which have survived due to the fact that the street is in the center of the city. Whichwillbementionedbelow.

The building of the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan. She has more than three million documents, including more than 100,000 documents in the Tatar language and another 100,000 in foreign languages. In fact, if we look at the history of this building - the house Ushkova. Interior finish is made in the same house with a luxury, like facades. Ground floors of these covers, gilded moldings, grand staircase made in the pseudo style. There are a lot of sculptures in bronze and wood. Covers stained glass windows depicting the exotic birds of Paris. The main hall is decorated in the Empire style, fashion in France in the first third of the XIX century. The ceiling of the hall is designed as a diamond with a lavish moldings. The walls of the dining room of bog oak, the sides have a gallery for the orchestra.

Also in the building there is a cave, made in a cave with an aquarium. In the eastern office keeps a collection of knives. Forged guards are at the St. Petersburg plant San Gali.

Therefore, if there is always the possibility of a look. The interior look and (mandatory) on the 2nd floor of the grotto. By the way it is visible from the street. There is also a legend that Alex Ushkov (honorary citizen of Kazan, a manufacturer) decided to make a wedding gift to his neck, and ordered the famous architect Myufke this building. Everything was delivered in time, but the trouble is that a wedding gift is not like the new owner, she said: "This building - top tastelessness." After that, she refused to move into this house. Incidentally, the same is in Moscow, where at one time lived Yesenin.

Alexander's passage. Initially, he served in a quarter, but after the collapse, there was only its northern side, which now restored. There were rumors that the building was turned into a luxury hotel, but it's something to the rumors remained.

In the passage, in fact, a very sad story. According to the project, and V. Suslov NI Pozdeeva building erected Petersburg architect Henry Bernardovich Rush commissioned merchant Alexandrov. The owner sold it to his sister, A. Aleksandrov, Gaines, and that the city gave the building to house the museum. However, for the city museum building was unfit and placed here rooming houses and shops. By the end of the Soviet period, the building was in a state of near disaster. Because of the weakened soil subsidence occurred to the northern corner. Due to the technical complexity of the reconstruction and the difficult economic situation before and after the collapse of the USSR, was undertaken only strengthening the foundation, and the restoration of the building was delayed and has not been fully satisfied.

Lobachevsky monument - a monument to the outstanding mathematician, activist university education and public education of the Russian Empire Nikolai IvanovichLobachevsky, opened in Kazan, September 1, 1896. Located in the park Lobachevsky, located on the street at the beginning of the Kremlin streetLobachevsky.

At the end of XIX century, A. Vasilyev, chairman of the Kazan Physical and Mathematical Society, contributed to the publication of "The Complete Works of the geometry" Lobachevsky (1883-1886), started promoting his ideas.

Kazan Physics and Mathematics Society paid by the trustee of the Kazan school district with a request to the Ministry of National Education for permission to open a subscription for the All-Russian capital formation behalf of the late Professor Lobachevsky to issue awards for the best works in mathematics. At the same time, the company also asked for permission to put a bust of Lobachevsky University building.

In 1891, the Ministry has satisfied these requests, and therefore the Physical-Mathematical Society opened a subscription for the above purposes, beginning anniversary campaign.

In 1893, Kazan was celebrated the 100th anniversary of the birth of Lobachevsky, as the great Russian mathematician - the founder of non-Euclidean geometry, which was one of the first graduates of the Kazan Imperial University, and taught there for 40 years, including 19 years as its rector.

During these anniversary celebrations, it was decided to perpetuate the memory Lobachevsky in the city. Streets and PochtamtskayaBarataevskaya were merged and named after him. At its start from the Resurrection streets and newly built Cathedral Square was laid out, in which the planned installation of the monument. In addition, the tomb was renovated tomb on LobachevskyArskoe cemetery.

The issue of a monument Lobachevskii discussed by the City Council May 25, 1893. October 22, 1893 Kazan Mayor S. Dyachenko also urged to begin raising money for its installation. City Duma supported the monument, created a special committee of three vowels Council and three representatives of Physical and Mathematical Society of Kazan University.

Terminates outside of buildings of Kazan University. University - the most important urban development facility in the center of Kazan, is a striking architectural monument early XIX century in the spirit of Russian classicism.

The main building was built in 1822-1825 years. first university architect P.G.Pyatnitskim. The building is two-story, extended in length by 160 meters, with three porches raschle mentary facade into 5 parts. Central, 12-column and lateral column 6 WIDE Ionic portico with heavy attic facade gives elegance and grandeur. In the 50 years of XX century to the body of the court, to the central part of the building, built a volume on the second floor, which housed the gym. South facade outhouse copied earlier decision of the facade.

Front of the main building - the famous "Pan" with the monument student University of Kazan Vladimir Ulyanov. The monument was erected in 1954 were marked tion of the 150th anniversary of the University named after VI Ulyanov-Lenin (authors V.E.Tsigal sculptor, architect V.V.Kalinin). On a marble pedestal - a bronze figure of a young boy in a shirt, picked up tion belt, jacket and a student with a book in his hand.

The University Rector's courtyard is home. The building was built in the late XVIIIveka, rebuilt in 1824. The two-story building belonged to at Kupka his university Kazan Commandant Major General Kasstelli. On the second floor is the rum rector apartment, and the first floor of the XIX century, the Office of the Trustee Nimal school district. In this house in 1827-1846 gg.lived the great Russian scientist, rector of Kazan University, Lobachevsky, as evidenced by a plaque.

The Peter and Paul cathedral is the most valuable architectural monument and one of spiritual symbols of Kazan, and also one of the brightest examples of style of a Petrovsky era. It is located on ул M. Dzhalilya, 21 (before revolution of 1917 the street on a cathedral was called Peter and Paul).

The Peter and Paul cathedral constructed by merchant I.A.Mikhlyaev in memory of visit of the city by tsar Peter the Great, - a peculiar monument of the Russian baroque of the beginning of 18 century. The temple complex includes actually a cathedral, a belltower, the house причта.

Going to the Persian campaign, the tsar stopped from May 27 to May 30, 1722 in Mikhlyaev's house where celebrated the 50 anniversary, and also transferred to the merchant state cloth manufactories on which sewed a soldier's form for the Russian army. On May 30, in birthday of the tsar, Mikhlyaev solemnly promised erect a cathedral, intending to outdo merchant Stroganov who has organized celebrations in the city and an entertainment for army.

Cathedral put in the following - 1723 - year and consecrated three years later in 1726. First the temple erected only forces of the Kazan architects and local masters, but when under the end of construction the temple arch collapsed, Peter the Great disposed to send masters from Moscow (their names, unfortunately, remained are unknown).

The traditional orthodox temple here is combined with a belltower belonging to other school and solved in traditions, characteristic for architecture of the East. The architectural receptions used in this case traditionally are applied at construction of mosques, but in any way orthodox temples, - it is probable, in construction involved the Tatar masters.

The composition of the cathedral executed in style of the Russian baroque, repeats in general the favourite scheme of architects - восьмерик on четверике, but differs originality - in "naryshkinsky" baroque of such forms isn't present, but they remain in the Kazan architecture (including in architecture of mosques) up to the end of the 18th eyelid. On подклете the tetrahedron on which it is put восьмерик with a glavka is located - the cut drum with a large makovitsa bears a small dome bulb on a graceful neck.

To the two-story vaulted temple 52 m high conduct two front stairs, and подклет from the West and the North the open roundabout gallery bends around. From the West the temple is adjoined by a refectory, from the East - three apses. Originally North side was planned by architects as the main facade of the temple: from the North on the second floor, in St. Peter and Pavel's main side-altar, the direct front staircase (it is destroyed by a fire of 1815, it is restored in 1888-90) conducts. To the left of a ladder, the side-altar with the temple for the sake of the Burning bush (to 1848 for the sake of St. John Predtechi's Christmas) on the first floor and "Zhivonosnogo Istochnika" on the second, supplements and emphasizes height of the main volume of the temple. Over time approach to the temple from North side was built up with houses, and now the main entrance in a cathedral is from the South.

The unique shape gives to the Kazan Peter and Paul cathedral a decor thanks to which the temple call "stone hanging gardens of Kazan" by analogy to Semiramida's bible gardens. In 1829 the professor of pharmacy of the Kazan university Robert Langel wrote in one of своиз books about Kazan: "Peter and Pavel's church... has purely Japanese form and it is outside speckled by a set of the figures painted with the brightest flowers".

The walls of the cathedral which have been fancifully twined a grapevine, flowers and herbs, look extraordinary brightly and elegantly. Trunks of columns are twisted by a grapevine with clusters of large convex berries, it is combined with herbs and flowers, leaves, branches with peaches, apples, pears and plums. The wall through gallery is decorated with also massive tiles in the blue-white-flavovirent scale, absolutely not not conceding to the well-known Moscow and Yaroslavl ceramics 17 - the head of 18 century of century.

Similar combination of flowers in church architecture of Russia doesn't meet almost, but in the Tatar mosques, the truth of later time, okhristo-yellow background and blue, green, white and red decorative details prevailed. Such decor reminds also furniture of baroque temples of the Western Ukraine of the same time (probably, masters invited even from the most western provinces of the country).

Piers between windows on the southern and northern facades четверика decorate two rows of icons in a carved framework, same "written on a tin" icons were in niches above entrances to the temple and a side-altar.

Inside the cathedral isn't less beautiful. Three vaulted arches conduct from a blue refectory in the pink-golden volume of the temple. Closer to the East, to an altar, paints brighten just as in the sky the dawn begins. Behind arches as if the paradise garden, is gilded the 25-meter seven-level iconostasis which executed in the best traditions of the Russian baroque and has remained up to now. The magnificent baroque gilded carving of an iconostasis was executed by master Gusev, a wooden gilded Imperial gate is executed in equipment of a through carving. All icons are written on a gold background. According to the head of a cathedral, the Kazan merchant P. V. Unzhenin, the eyewitness of ponovleniye of an iconostasis in 1865 - 1867, only one of all icons in an iconostasis remained without ponovleniye is a temple icon свв. Pervoverkhovnykh of apostles Peter and Pavel. On three icons in a local row were поновлены faces and attires, it is an icon of the Savior in an image of the Tsar and the Great Bishop, with a scepter and the power, the Jerusalem icon of the Mother of God on a throne and an icon of the Assumption of the Mother of God. Other icons of an iconostasis, because of big losses owing to fires, are copied by Gagayev again, in 1865 - 1867.

Before revolution in a cathedral there were honored icons: Image of the Mother of God of "Zhivonosny Istochnik" in the side-altar of the same name and the Image of the Mother of God "Sporuchnitsa guilty".

The icon of the Mother of God "Sporuchnits guilty" on a reverse side had inscriptions: white paint - "The copy with Wonder-working and Mirotochivogo image of Sporuchnitsa guilty to which in the 1848th year in May it is given by lieutenant colonel Dmitry Boncheskul, to Nikolay's temple of the miracle man that in Khamovniki, on the occasion of great miracles made"; ink: - "To Peter and Pavel's temple. To Kazan. Dimitrii Nikolaev Boncheskul 1858 of May of the 15th" presents. In 1860 for an icon the cope to what the inscription testified is made diligence of head Unzhenin: "it is offered by the Kazan merchant Vasily Nikolaich Unzhenin of 1860, July of the 28th, an ark to weight 10 ф. 17th ashes. ".

In an altar of the top temple there was an ancient Vladimir icon of the Mother of God in a silver gilded salary, the cope and a wreath of the Virgin are decorated with pearls. Inscription on an icon: "1727 генваря 22 numbers, this sty image of Vladimirsky Btsa gave in a treasure in Kazan to Peter and Pavel's cathedral church. Kazan merchant Peter Ivanov son Zamoshnikov". The destiny of these icons after closing of the temple is unknown.

In an altar of a cathedral there is a wonder-working icon Smolensk Sedmiyezerna of the Mother of God (on a legend, during plague of 1654 priests religious procession carried by an icon round the Kremlin then there was a miracle: position of hands of the Virgin on an icon changed - from a condition of rest in blessing gesture. The virgin blessed the city, and the illness receded).

Soon after cathedral construction, to the northeast from it erected 49-meter (21 sazhens and 1 arshin without a cross, with a cross of 22 sazhens and 2 arshins) a six-level belltower with a small glavka on a thin drum. In the 2nd circle, in niches southeast and northwest corners четверика, there were sculptural images of Evangelists. The multi-color baroque decor of a belltower didn't concede to a cathedral: under each of 8 windows of "lamp" of a belltower in square deepening tiles in the form of an asterisk, over each window of a belltower, in all its circles - white stone kokoshniks are located blue, with yellow and white flowers.

Before revolution on a belltower there were 10 bells, on the biggest there was an inscription: "In blessed reign, Blagochestiveyshego of the Most autocratic Sovereign of Emperor Alexander Pavlovich and всея Russia, from Preosvyashchenneyshego Amvrosy's blessing, the Archbishop Kazan and Simbirsk and different awards of the gentleman, this bell in a reigning hail, Kazan, to cathedral church of sacred apostles Peter and Pavel is poured. Weighing 189 pood. 34 pounds. Copper 161 poods. arrived from the former broken big bell, and the rest is added, is equal and for a perelivka is paid by collecting from dobrokhotny givers. I poured this bell the Kazan merchant Ivan Yefimov Astrakhantsev of 1825". On a bell there were bas-relief icons: from North side - the Lord's Candlemas; from the southern - the Kazan icon of the Mother of God; from the western St. apostles Peter and Pavel; from the east - an image of the Lady day with the forthcoming Kazan prelates: St. Gury, Herman and kneeling Varsonofy.

On the second bell inscription: "this bell is cast in a reigning hail of Kazan, in plant, Turning gray Kornilova, to Peter and Pavel's church, Peter and Nikolay Molostvovykh's donation and diligence of parishioners and diligence of archpriest Victor Petrovitch Vishnevskogo and the head of church, Kazan merchant Saveli Stepanovich Zaytsev, in 1835 of month of June of the 10th day of 99 poods".

On the third bell: "come lyudy Rescue to the Temple of our God. Master Peter Nikitin Kiryukhov poured. To the weight of 54 pood. and 17 фун. ".

On the fourth bell weighing 15 poods and 11 фун. bas-relief icons, to the East Vozdvizheniye Kresta Gospodnya Konstantin and Elena, to the West the Crucifixion, to the South the Kazan icon of the Mother of God, to Nikolay's North of the miracle man. Inscription: "this bell in Kazan, in Ivan Kiryukhov's plant is poured out". Pre-revolutionary bells were destroyed, recently on a belltower the new 3-htonny bell of the Yaroslavl molding, same what was before revolution was set up.

With West side of a cathedral, in the territory belonging to garment factory, there is a house of merchant Mikhlyaev of the 17th eyelid of construction - the oldest monument of civil architecture in Kazan where in 1722 Peter the Great stopped. From the house there was a forward stroke to the temple, and from the North the house adjoined Kosma and Damian's small church. According to Mikhlyaev's will the house was given to a cathedral, but because of a mistake in paperwork passed to Mikhlyaev's successors - Dryablov.

Endured a set of fires in 1742, 1749, 1815, 1842, a cathedral in 1888 - 1890 underwent large-scale reconstruction. Then according to old drawings and drawings the lost stucco mouldings were restored, and on a belltower there were hours of known master Peter Ionovich Klimov.

In Soviet period the cathedral worked till 1939, in 1950 - 1980 there was a planetarium. In 1989 the temple was returned by Churches. In 2004 experts started restoration of front part of the Peter and Paul cathedral - behind prescription of years of a fresco and a stucco molding fairly grew dim...

In Petropavlovsk a cathedral there are relics mestnochtimy Kazan sacred, found in 1995 at excavation of "peshcherka" of Spaso-Preobrazhenskoye of a monastery in the Kazan Kremlin:

in the top temple - Saint Ions and Nektariya Kazanskikh (16 eyelids), the father and the son of boyars Zastolbsky - associates of prelate Gury Kazanskogo;

in the bottom temple - power of prelate Yefrem, the metropolitan Kazan (†1614), the successor on Ermogen's Kazan chair, subsequently the Patriarch of All Russia. Prelate Yefrem blessed on a feat of arms K.Minin's army and the prince of Pozharsky with the list from the Kazan icon of the Mother of God (now is in the Elokhovsky cathedral of Moscow). In 1613 metropolitan Yefrem crowned on Mikhail Feodorovich Romanov's kingdom.

In an altar of the bottom Sretensky temple - power of prelate Epifany, the archbishop Jerusalem.

The Peter and Paul cathedral always was the most impressive in a necklace of the Kazan temples, all Russian emperors, since Catherine II (except Nikolay the Second), and almost all known people, irrespective of the religion, visiting Kazan were his visitors. Descriptions of a cathedral are provided in Alexander Humboldt and Alexandre Dumas's compositions, the temple was visited by Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, in chorus of a cathedral Feodor Ivanovich Shalyapin sang.

Municipal Cultural Institution National Cultural Center "Kazan" (MUK NCC "Kazan") is a leader among the cultural institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan. It was created on the basis of the Kazan branch of the Central Lenin Museum in 1991. During this period, originally created by the City Cultural Center "Kazan" has become a complex structural unit consisting of a museum, which includes a museum of national culture (including the Museum of the 1000th anniversary of Kazan), Bucky Urmanche Museum, the Museum of AN Mazitova, gallery- Ildar Zaripov studio, art gallery Konstantin Vasilyev and Kazan City Philharmonic and a huge infrastructure of service to the exhibition grounds, classrooms, concert hall, lounge reception, café-bar "Horry".

National Cultural Center "Kazan" - a cultural institution performs educational, museum, educational and leisure and entertainment options, the level of clear and competent is manifested in the activities of public-official, national and international levels (political and cultural action, national and international conferences and Exhibition).

Each year, the NCC "Kazan" and its affiliates take more than 500 000 people from different regions of Russia, visitors from near and far abroad: this museum and exhibition visits, and participation in national holidays, numerous concerts, and large-scale cultural, educational and public events.

In museums NCC "Kazan" is held annually for more than 30 solo and group exhibitions of artists, photographers, sculptors of the cities and regions of the Russian Federation, aimed at the revival of traditional ethnic relations and creative creation in Russia of a common cultural space.

The major direction in the work of the NCC "Kazan" is a concert activity with the main task of the promotion, preservation and development of cultural heritage of Tatarstan. Creative teams NCC "Kazan" (Philharmonic) include:

- Dance Ensemble "Kazan" (winner of Russian and international festivals, Honored Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan, the artistic director of the CR Zakirova)

- Orchestra of Folk Instruments "Kazan Nura" (winner of the All-Russia festival-competition of orchestras and ensembles of traditional instruments of the peoples of Russia, Honored Artist of the Republic of Tatarstan, the chief conductor of the RE Ilyasov)

- Kazan State Chamber Orchestra "La primavera" (winner of Russian and international music competitions and festivals, Honored Artist of Russia, laureate of Gabdulla Tukai, artistic director and chief conductor of the RY ABYAZOV)

- Folk vocal-instrumental ensemble "Idel egetlyare" (Honored Worker of Culture of the Republic of Tajikistan, the artistic director Nikolai Bogdanov)

- Kazan City Philharmonic (toured in 15 countries, including Australia, China, Spain, Italy, Greece, Thailand, Poland, France, Sweden, Malta).

Дата добавления: 2014-10-14; просмотров: 668; Нарушение авторских прав

Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!