Ознакомьтесь, что означают следующие слова и словосочетания. Прочтите и переведите на русский язык предложения с новыми словами. metallurgical – металлургический

metallurgy – металлургия

metallurgical – металлургический

f.e. Metallurgy is an industry which produces metals. Metallurgy separates impurity from the metals. It produces simple metals and alloys. The metallurgical industry produces 94 per cent ferrous metals.

ore – руда

iron ore – железная руда

copper оre – медная руда

f.e. Most metals are found in the form of metal ore. The ore is a mineral. There are different metal ores: iron ore, copper ore. Ore consists of a metal combined with some impurities.

science – наука

scientific – научный

to obtain – получать (= to get (got, got))

f.e. Metallurgy is the science which treats of the methods used to obtain the metals from ores.

to produce – производить, изготавливать, получать

production – производство

to melt (molted, melted/molten) – плавить

melting – плавление

melting process – процесс плавления

molten metal – расплавленный металл

melted compounds – расплавленные соединения

f.e. Metals are produced from their ores by melting process.

to separate – отделять

to remove – удалять, убирать

slag – шлак

f.e. In this process impurities are separated and removed as slag.

to reduce – раскислять (металл)

carbon – углерод

f.e. Iron is obtained by reducing its ores with carbon.

to use – использовать, применять

use – применение

useful – полезный

f.e. Different methods are used to produce pure metals from their ores. Metals have useful mechanical, physical and metallurgical properties.

furnace – плавильная печь

blast furnace – доменная печь

open-hearth furnace – мартеновская печь

electric furnace- электропечь

f.e. There are different types of furnaces at metallurgical plants. Cast irons are usually produced in blast furnaces.

cupola – вагранка

f.e. Cast iron is also produced in special furnaces which are called cupolas.

Bessemer converter – Бессемеровский конвертер

f.e. Steels are usually produced in Bessemer converters. The Bessemer process of steelmaking was a great event (событие) in the world's economic history.

inventor – изобретатель

to discover – открывать

f.e. Henry Bessemer, an English engineer, was the inventor who discovered a new process of making steel.

expensive (= dear) – дорогой, дорогостоящий

cheap – дешевый (= inexpensive)

f.e. Bessemer invented a cheap (= inexpensive) process of making steel.

chiefly (= mainly) – главным образом

high-grade tool steel – высококачественная инструментальная сталь

f.e. Electrical furnaces are only used in making high-grade tool steels.

compound – соединение

manganese – марганец

to conduct an electric current – проводить электрический ток

f.e. Manganese is obtained from its ore by electrolysis. The electrolysis is a process of conducting electric current through (через) melted compounds.

to occur in nature – встречаться в природе

f.e. Metals usually occur in nature in the form of different ores.

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