Часть 2. Практикум по предпереводческому анализу текста

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Задание 1. Определите, из каких текстов взяты следующие отрывки. Проанализируйте отрывки с точки зрения типов информации и коммуникативного задания, реализуемых в них. К какому жанру и функциональному стилю принадлежат эти отрывки?

Текст 1

Kindly prepare a money order in the amount of the balance outstanding for me to pick up on Monday, June 16, 1998. Allow me to thank you in advance for your consideration.

Sincerely,
Tony Montana

Текст 2

The term, "Serious Misconduct" means (i) an act of personal dishonesty taken by the Executive in connection with his or her responsibilities as an Executive and intended to result in substantial personal enrichment of the Executive, (ii) the Executive being convicted of a felony, (iii) a willful act by the Executive which constitutes gross misconduct and which is injurious to the Company, (iv) following delivery to the Executive of a written demand for performance from the Company which describes the basis for the Company's reasonable belief that the Executive has not substantially performed his or her duties, continued violations by the Executive of the Executive's obligations to the Company which are demonstrably willful and deliberate on the Executive's part. To the extent curable, the Executive will not be deemed to engage in Serious Misconduct if, after notice by the Company, the Executive cures the conduct which gives rise to the Serious Misconduct.

The term "Good Reason" means that any of the following occur, without the Executive's express written consent: (a) a demotion in the Executive's salary grade level, (b) a reduction in the Executive's annual base salary or target annual cash bonus opportunity, or (c) the Executive being required to relocate the Executive's principal work location to an office or location that is more than 50 miles from his or her principal place of business. Notwithstanding the above, a condition will not constitute Good Reason unless and until the Executive informs Dell in writing of the existence of the condition within 90 days of its occurrence and Dell does not cure such condition within 30 days of receipt of such notice and the Executive then resigns the Executive's position within 60 days after Dell's cure period has ended.

Текст 3

Key West hotels vary dramatically in size and appeal. For the ultimate in luxurious treatment, consider the Cheeca Lodge & Spa on the coast of Florida Bay in Islamorada, which offers guests 1000 feet of private beach with a private fishing pier. The Santa Maria Suites Resort has received wide accolades for its pristine grounds and modern tropical ambience. The all-suite hotel is only a block away from the Atlantic Ocean, and each room comes complete with a full-kitchen. Gourmet dining is available at the hotel’s Ambrosia restaurant. For those who prefer a bit lower key of an experience, you may want to experience the Truman Hotel, a super trendy boutique hotel in Key West with modern rooms and Smathers Beach just 2 miles away. The earlier you book, the greater your chances for locking in the best rates at the hotel of your choosing.

Текст 4

Текст 5

It is Obama’s liberal supporters who often have the most profound misgivings about drones and assassinations (though they are not the only ones). Perhaps he doesn’t care; where would those voters go? And perhaps he takes some solace in the sight of the struggles that his opponent, Mitt Romney, has had with the Republicans to his right. But there is not an exact parallel: if Obama has left liberals frustrated by moving to the center, Romney has made conservatives suspicious, and even contemptuous, with his clumsy lurches to the right. They remember his history, even if he sometimes seems to have genuinely forgotten. (This also may trouble moderates, but that is a different story.)

There were reminders of that discomfort in the last day or two. One was the pressure on Romney from his right—reported in the Times and elsewhere, pounded in by the Wall Street Journal’s editorial page—to pick Paul Ryan as his running mate. Conservatives like Ryan in his own right but the idea is also to prove something about Mitt. (See John Cassidy for more on that point, and Ryan Lizza for more on Congressman Ryan.)

Текст 6

Having had four years of experience in selling our computer software, I have gained a clear idea as to what our customers' needs are and how we can meet them. I know how we can increase sales dramatically and I can gear our sales team to do precisely that. As your Sales Manager, I truly believe that we can achieve in excess of $10,000,000 in sales by the year 2000.

I understand that you are a very busy person. I will thus be delighted to meet with you at any time you please to discuss my request.

Текст 7

Satwant Kaleka, who served as president of the Sikh temple in Oak Creek, Wisconsin, arrived in the United States from India three decades ago with thirty-five dollars in savings. By last Sunday, he owned several gas stations, according to the Los Angeles Times. He turned up early that morning at his temple to oversee worship and preparations for a large birthday party.

Wade Michael Page, a former bassist and guitarist in a white-supremacist rock band, drove to Oak Creek just after 10:15 A.M. He pulled out a pistol and shot worshipers remorselessly. An eleven-year-old-boy, Abhay Singh, watched him shoot one victim seven or eight times.

Текст 8

WHEREAS, upon the "Appointment Time" (as defined in the Merger Agreement), 3Par will become a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company, and upon the consummation of the Merger (as defined in the Merger Agreement) contemplated by the Merger Agreement, 3Par will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, all upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement.

WHEREAS, Executive and 3Par entered into a Management Retention Agreement entered into as of May 10, 2003 and amended and restated as of December 19, 2008 (the "Management Retention Agreement").

WHEREAS, Executive, the Company and Acquisition Sub desire to acknowledge and agree that, effective as of and contingent upon the occurrence of the Appointment Time, Acquisition Sub, as successor to 3Par, shall assume all rights and obligations of 3Par pursuant to the Management Retention Agreement.

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises made herein, the Parties hereby agree as follows:

1. Assumption. The Parties hereby agree that, as of the Appointment Time, Acquisition Sub, as successor to 3Par, hereby assumes Executive's Management Retention Agreement. As a result of such assumption, Acquisition Sub hereby assumes all obligations of 3Par under such agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as 3Par would have been required to perform such obligations in the absence of the assumption. Similarly, Acquisition Sub shall have all rights and Executive shall have all obligations under the Management Retention Agreement that, in the absence of such assumption, would have inured to the benefit of 3Par.

Задание 2. Проанализируйте данные «нелепые предупреждения». Выявите их жанровые характеристики. Как в них реализуется рекомендательная функция? Объясните причины появления подобных текстов в американской культуре.

Warning Labels

"Caution: The contents of this bottle should not be fed to fish," - On a bottle of shampoo for dogs.

"For external use only!" - On a curling iron.

"Do not use while sleeping." — On a hair dryer.

"Shin pads cannot protect any pan of the body they do not cover. " - On a pair of shin guards made for bicyclists.

"This product not intended for use as a dental drill." - On an electric rotary tool.

"Caution: This is not a safety protective device," - On a plastic toy helmet used as a container for popcorn.

"May irritate eyes." On a can of self-defense pepper- spray.

Eating rocks may lead to broken teeth." - On a novelty rock garden set called Popcorn Rock" .

"Caution: Hot beverages are hot!" - On a coffee cup.

"Please keep out of children." - On a butcher knife.

"Do not use for drying pets." - In the manual for a microwave oven.

"Remember, objects in the mirror are actually behind you." - On a motorcycle helmet-mounted rear-view mirror. " "

"Warning: Do not climb inside this bag and zip it. Doing so will cause injury and death. "A label inside a protective bag (for fragile objects), which measures 15cm by 15cm by 12cm.

"Do not use as ear plugs." - On a package of silly putty.

"Warning: knives are sharp! " - On the packaging of a sharpening stone.

"Twist top off with hands. Throw top away. Do not put top in mouth. "- On the label of a bottled drink.

"Warning: has been found to cause cancer in laboratory mice. " - On a box of rat poison.

"Caution: Remove infant before folding for storage. " – On a portable stroller.

"Do not iron clothes on body." - On packaging for a Rowenta iron.

Wearing of this garment does not enable you to fly." - On a child sized Superman costume.

Задание 3. Изучите данные телеграммы. Как в них реализуется принцип компрессии содержание? Напишите тедешграмму на английском языке родственникам/друзьям и т.д., принимая во внимание то, что в телеграммах на английском языке опускаются артикли, вспомогательные глаголы и предлоги. Составьте аналогичные телеграммы на русском языке.

1. Requests

ALL MONEY STOLEN SEND FIFTY POUNDS IMMEDIATELY CARE YOUTH HOSTEL ATHENS PETER

2. Response to requests

FIFTY POUNDS ARRIVING CNTRAL LLOYD BANK ATHENS WEDNESDAY STOP MORE NEEDED INFORM FATHER

3. Plans and arrangements

UNABLE ARRIVE TUESDAY NIGHT STOP MEETING WEDNESDAY STOP ARRIVING FRIDAY MORNING GATWICK WITH BETH GEORGE

4. Information: positive

DON’T FAINT STOP GOT MARRIED YESTERDAY IN NEW CASTLE STOPCROSS FINGERS STOP LINDY PAUL

5. Information: negative

JOHN KILLED LIST NIGHT ACCIDENT CAN YOU COME IMMEDIATELY STOP NATALIE NEEDS YOU BOTH RICHARD

Задание 4. Изучите следующие информационно-речевые указатели как примеры стандартных речевых формул. Какие из них можно встретить в русской языковой культуре, а какие имеют ярко-выраженную национально-культурную специфику?

Keep out.

Fire door. Do not block.

No parking.

Do not trespass on the railway.

Trespassing will be prosecuted.

Obstructing the door can be dangerous.

Anyone interfering with the driver of the bus will be prosecuted.

Tow-away area.

Please offer this seat to elderly or disabled people or those carrying children.

Briefcases and packages are subject to inspection.

Beware: thieves operate in this building. (Ноттингемский университет)

Please, give up this seat if an elderly or handicapped person needs it.

Please, remember to take all your belongings with you when you leave the train.

Thank you for not smoking.

Please close the door. Thank you.

Please keep off the grass. Thank you.

In the interest of the majority of our passengers please would you not smoke on this bus.

Please be careful on the steps.

Mind the steps.

Please do not place coats, etc. under your seat as it interferes with ventilation (В Королевском национальном театре в Лондоне).

Please do not feed the animals. Love and respect is all they need.

Those who throw objects to the crocodiles will be asked to retrieve them.

Задание 5. Проанализируйте данные мини-диалоги из реальных судебных разбирательств. Как стремление исключить двоякие толкования в суде приводят порой к абсурду?

***

Lawyer: "Can you describe what the person who attacked you looked like?"

Witness: "No, he was wearing a mask."

Lawyer: "What was he wearing under the mask?"

Witness: "Er …his face."

***

Lawyer: "This myasthenia gravis.'— does it affect your

memory at all?"

Witness: "Yes."

Lawyer: "And in what way does it affect your memory?"

Witness: "I forget."

Lawyer: "You forget. Can you give us an example of

something that you've forgotten?"

***

Lawyer: "What was the first thing your husband said to you when he woke that morning?"

Witness; "He said, "Where am I, Cathy?"

Lawyer: "And why did that upset you?"

Witness: "My name is Susan."

***

Lawyer: "Doctor, before you performed the autopsy, did you check for a pulse?''

Witness: "No."

Lawyer: "Did you check for blood pressure?"

Witness: "No."

Lawyer: "Did you check for breathing?"

Witness: "No."

Lawyer: "So, then it is possible that the patient was alive when you began the autopsy?" Witness: "No."

Lawyer: "How can you be so sure, Doctor?"

Witness: "Because his brain was sitting on my desk in a jar."

***

Lawyer: "What happened then?"

Witness: "He told me, he says, "I have to kill you because you can identify me."

Lawyer: "Did he kill you?"

Witness: "No."

***

Witness: "He was about medium height and had a beard."

Lawyer: "Was this a male or a female?"

***

Lawyer: "I show you Exhibit 3 and ask you if you recognize that picture."

Witness: "That's me."

Lawyer: "Were you present when that picture was taken?

. ***

Lawyer: "Do you have any children or anything of that kind?"

***

Lawyer: "She had three children, right?'

Witness: "Yes."

Lawyer: "How many were boys?"

Witness: "None."

Lawyer: "Were there girls?"

***

Lawyer: "You don’t know what itwas and you what it looked like, but can you describe it?"

***

Lawyer: "You say that the stairs went down to the basement?"

Witness: "Yes."

Lawyer: "And these stairs, did they go up also?"

***

Lawyer: "Doctor, how many autopsies have you performed on dead people?"

Witness: "All my autopsies have been performed on dead people."

***

Lawyer: "Were you acquainted with the deceased?"

Witness: "Yes sir."

Lawyer: "Before or after he died?"

***

Lawyer: "Mrs. Jones, is your appearance this morning pursuant to a deposition notice which I sent to your attorney?"

Witness: "No. This is how I dress when I go to work.

Задание 6. Проанализируйте следующие тексты, принадлежащие к официально-деловому функциональному стилю. К каким подстилям и жанрам их можно отнести? Почему? Какие функции реализуются в каждом тексте? Выявите графические, лексические, грамматические и синтаксические особенности приведенных текстов и занесите результаты в таблицу:

Текст 1

David Warren

1823 Stackhouse Ln.

Akron, OH 44301

dw36@psu.edu

Home (817) 555-0021

Office (817) 555-9010

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Objective

A tenure track position in a well estabilished sociology department, which will allow for adequate time and funding to be directed toward research.

Summary of Achievements

Rhodes Scholar

1988 - 1990: Awarded two years of post-graduate study at Oxford University. Pursued the M.Phil in Social Sciences.

Gene Landis Award for Outstanding Teaching

1995 & 1997: Selected by the student body of York College.

Experience

1999 - Present

Assistant Professor, Sociology - University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

Taught such notable courses as "Intro to Sociology", "Sociology of Inequality", and "The McDonaldization of Society".

1995 - 1998

Lecturer, York College, York, PA

Education

Ph.D, Sociology, 1994

Penn State University, State College, PA

Specialization: Global inequality, sociology of marriage

M.Phil, Social Sciences, 1990

Oxford College, Oxford, UK

B.A. Sociology, Literature 1988

Cornell University

Ithaca, NY

Selected Publications

"Building More Prisons: Retribution or Rehabilitation?", American Journal of Sociology. Worthington Press, June 1995

"Big Mac Nation", published in The Globalization Reader. Bretton-Woods Press. August, 1997.

Текст 2

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