КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ. ЧАСТЬ I

Вариант № 1

Задание 1. Перед чтением текста определите, какие из следующих слов ассоциируются с преимуществом, а какие с недостатком.

downside favor benefit drawback stumbling block

profit problem obstacle upside plus handicap

Задание 2. Прочтите текст и переведите четвертый абзац письменно.

ENERGY SOURCES: WHAT THE FUTURE HOLDS

(1) The future for petroleum use now seems rather unclear, despite enjoying the main benefit of a very advanced infrastructure that already exists. The downsides from the environmental point of view are evident: harm to public health through carbon dioxide emissions in exhaust fumes, which are connected to respiratory problems, and to precious ecosystems from oil spills and leakage. But the most significant weakness is that oil is a finite resource.

(2) The situation with natural gas is also mixed. While its main strength is that it is a relatively clean and easily transportable via pipelines fuel which needs little processing, natural gas requires compression or low temperatures if it has to be used for cars or other vehicles. Thus, it has not previously been a serious contender to provide private transportation. However this obstacle may have been overcome.

(3) Yet there is another problem with natural gas. It may produce less carbon dioxide than other fossil fuels, but the major stumbling block to its usage is that the methane released lives in the atmosphere for a long time. In addition, as it is a non-renewable energy source like petroleum, in coming years natural gas will not be in use. But in the short term at least, the situation looks rosy.

(4) Ethanol, despite the drawback of a dearth of commercial outlets, heralds a new dawn for the energy market. Let us look at hydrogen. It is probably the most attractive of all renewable fuels. Its greatest appeal is that it is readily available everywhere in the form of water (H₂O). Solar energy is used to split the water into hydrogen and oxygen and then recombine it, with water being the waste by-product in the form of steam in vehicles. Perhaps its main drawback is making the hydrogen production units small enough to fit cars. So the future of hydrogen is bright indeed.

Задание 3. Найдите слова в тексте, которые:

1. начинается на букву “b” и означает advantage, profit (параграф 1);

2. начинается на букву “p” и означает beforehand, in advance (параграф 2);

3. начинается на букву “p” и означает create, generate (параграф 3);

4. начинается на букву “d” и означает famine, lack (параграф 4);

5. начинается на букву “s” и означает burst, crash, divide (параграф 4).

Задание 4. Заполните таблицу в соответствии с содержанием текста. Используйте не более двух слов в каждом ответе.

Задание 5. Выпишите из текста все неправильные глаголы в трех формах и переведите.

Задание 6. Измените следующие предложения, используя конструкцию there + be.

1. The situation with natural gas is also mixed.

2. Thus, it has not previously been a serious contender to provide private transportation.

Задание 7. Подчеркните сказуемое в следующих предложениях, укажите видовременную форму, залог.

1. The downsides from the environmental point of view are evident: harm to public health through carbon dioxide emissions in exhaust fumes, which are connected to respiratory problems, and to precious ecosystems from oil spills and leakage.

2. It may produce less carbon dioxide than other fossil fuels, but the major stumbling block to its usage is that the methane released lives in the atmosphere for a long time.

3. Solar energy is used to split the water into hydrogen and oxygen and then recombine it, with water being the waste by-product in the form of steam in vehicles.

Задание 8. Преобразуйте предложения в пассивную форму и переведите.

1. It may produce less carbon dioxide than other fossil fuels.

2. Natural gas requires compression or low temperatures if it has to be used for cars or other vehicles.

Задание 9. Cоставьте 10 вопросов различного типа к любым предложениям из текста.

Задание 10. Изложите краткое содержание текста в 100 словах (артикли и предлоги считаются отдельными словами).

Вариант № 2

Задание 1. Прочтите текст и переведите второй абзац письменно.

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